SAYC

Default principles

Offensive bidding

Bidding diagrams

Opening bids:

1♣	13+ \| 3+♣ \| Usually open 1♣ with 3-3 in minors; 1♦ with 4-4.
1♦	13+ \| 4+♦ unless 4432 \| Usually open 1♦ with 4-4 in minors
1♥	13-21 \| 5+♥
1♠	13-21 \| 5+♠
1NT	15-17 HCP \| Balanced \| Can have a 5 card major
2♣	STRONG \| 22+ bal \| 20+ unbalanced
2♦	11-15 hcp \| good 6 card suit
2♥	11-15 hcp \| good 6 card suit
2♠	11-15 hcp \| good 6 card suit
2NT	20-21 HCP \| Balanced
3♣	<11 hcp \| 6+ card suit
3♦	<11 hcp \| Can be a 6 card suit
3♥	<11 hcp \| Can be a 6 card suit
3♠	<11 hcp \| Can be a 6 card suit

Takeout | 13+ (hcp + shortness) | Short ♠, 3+ card support for ♣/♦/♥ | (or any 17+)

After bidding 1♣
	1♦						6+ \| 4+♦ \| May have a 4 card major
		1♥					MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4 ♥ \|
			1♠				6+ \| 4+♠ \| 0-3 ♥ \|
				1NT			MIN (13-15) \| 0-3 ♠ \|
					2♣		WK (6-10) \| 4+♣ \| Unbalanced \| Opener must pass
					2♦		WK (6-10) \| Usually 6+♦ \| Opener must pass
					2♠		13+ \| 4 ♠ \| Game forcing
					2NT		INV (11-12) \|
						3NT	14-15 \| Top of range for earlier 1N bid
					3♣		INV (11-12) \| 4+♣ \|
					3♦		INV (11-12) \| 6+♦ \|
					3NT		GF (13-16) \|
					4NT		17-19 \| Quantitative \| Natural invite to 6NT. Non-forcing.
				2♣			MIN (13-15) \| Usually 6+♣ \| 0-3 ♠ \| Unbalanced
					2♦		WK (6-10) \| 6+ good ♦ \|
					2♠		13+ \| 4 ♠ \| Game forcing
					2NT		INV (11-12) \|
						3♣	12-13 \| 6+♣ \|
						3NT	14-15 and/or strong ♣ suit
					3♣		INV (11-12) \| 4+♣
					3♦		INV (11-12) \| 6+♦ \| Final game contract (if any) is usually 3NT, but may be 5♦ if opener is also unbalanced.
					3NT		GF (13-16) \|
				2♦			MIN (13-15) \| 4 ♦ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
					2♠		13+ \| 4 ♠ \| Game forcing
					2NT		INV (11-12) \|
						3♣	12-13 \| 6+♣ \|
						3NT	14-15 \| Top of range for earlier 2♦ bid
					3♣		INV (11-12) \| 4♣ \|
					3♦		INV (11-12) \| 5+♦ \|
					3NT		GF (13-16) \|
				2♥			13-18 \| 6+♣ \| 5+♥ \| Longer ♣ than ♥
					3♣		WK (6-10) \| 2+♣ \| 0-2 ♥ \|
					3♥		WK (6-10) \| 3 ♥ \|
					3NT		To play \| 0-2 ♥ \|
					4♥		To play \| 3 ♥ \|
				2♠			MIN (13-15) \| 4 ♠ \|
					2NT		INV (11-12) \| 4 ♠ \| Inviting 3N or 4♠. Non-forcing.
					3♣		INV (11-12) \| Game try bid. Forcing to 3♠.
					3♦		INV (11-12) \| Game try bid. Forcing to 3♠.
					3♥		INV (11-12) \| Game try bid. Forcing to 3♠.
					3♠		INV (11-12) \| Invites 4♠. Non-forcing.
					3NT		GF (13-16) \| 4 ♠ \| Choice of 3N or 4♠. Non-forcing.
						4♠	Preference to ♠
					4♠		GF (13-16) \| 4 ♠ \|
				2NT			MID (16-18) \| 5+♣ \| 4 ♥ \| 0-3 ♠ \| Usually 5-4-2-2 or 5-4-3-1 distribution.
				3♣			MID (16-18) \| 6+♣ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				3♦			MID (16-18) \| 4 ♦ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				3♠			MID (16-18) \| 4 ♠ \|
					4♣		Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Subsequent non-spade bids
					4♦		Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Subsequent non- spade bids
					4♥		Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Subsequent non- spade bids
					4♠		8-12 \| 4 ♠ \| No slam interest
					4NT		Blackwood (♠)
				3NT			~16-17 hcp \| Often 4♥ + 6+ solid ♣ \| Expects to run 9 tricks
				4♠			MAX (19-21) \| 4 ♠ \|
					4NT		Blackwood (♠)
			1NT				WK (6-10) \| No 4 card major
				2♣			MIN (13-15) \| 5+♣ \|
				2♦			MIN (13-15) \| 3-4 ♦ \| Often 0-4-4-5 or 1-4-3-5
				2♥			13-18 \| 6+♣ \| 5+♥ \| Longer ♣ than ♥
					3♣		2+♣ \| 0-2 ♥ \|
					3♥		3 ♥ \|
					4♥		3 ♥ \|
				2NT			MID (16-18) \|
				3♣			MID (16-18) \| 6+♣ \|
				3♦			MID (16-18) \| 3-4 ♦ \| Often 0-4-4-5 or 1-4-3-5
				3NT			~16-17 hcp \| Often 4♥ + 6+ solid ♣ \| Expects to run 9 tricks
			2♣				WK (6-10) \| 4+♣ \| No 4 card major
				2♦			MID (16-18) \| 3-4 ♦ \| Often 1-4-3-5 or 0-4-4-5
				2♠			MID (16-18) \| 3-4 ♠ \| Often 3-4-1-5, 4-4-1-4 or 3-4-0-5
				2NT			MID (16-18) \| ♠ stopper \|
				3♣			MID (16-18) \| 5+♣ \| Suggests no ♠ stopper
				3NT			MAX (19-21) or expects 9 tricks
			2♦				WK (6-10) \| 6+♦ \| No 4 card major
				2NT			MID (16-18) \| ♠ stopper \| Often 4-4-1-4 or 3-4-1-5
				3♦			MID (16-18) \| 3-4 ♦ \| Suggests no ♠ stopper
				3NT			MAX (19-21) \| ♠ stopper \|
			2♥				WK (6-10) \| 4 ♥ \|
				2♠			MID (16-18) \| Game try bid
					3♣		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in spades, but has a good club holding and game interest.
					3♦		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in clubs, but has a strong diamond holding and game interest.
					3♥		6-8 \| Rejecting invite
					3NT		8-10 \| Accepting invite. Balanced, notrump-oriented hand. Choice of 3N or 4♥.
					4♥		8-10 \| Accepting invite
				2NT			MID (16-18) \| ♠ stopper \| Often 2-4-2-5. Non-forcing.
					3♥		6-8 \| Rejecting invite. Suit-oriented hand.
					3NT		8-10 \| Accepting invite. Notrump-oriented hand.
					4♥		8-10 \| Accepting invite. Suit-oriented hand.
				3♣			MID (16-18) \| Game try bid
					3♦		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in clubs, but has a strong diamond holding and game interest.
					3♥		6-8 \| Rejecting invite
					3NT		8-10 \| Accepting invite. Balanced, notrump-oriented hand with strong spade holding. Choice of 3N or 4♥.
					4♥		8-10 \| Accepting invite
				3♦			MID (16-18) \| Game try bid
					3♥		6-8 \| Rejecting invite
					3NT		8-10 \| Accepting invite. Balanced, notrump oriented hand with strong spade holding. Choice of 3N or 4♥.
					4♥		8-10 \| Accepting invite
				3♥			MID (16-18) \| Invitational to 4♥
					4♥		8-10 \| Accepting invite
				3♠			MAX (19-21) \| 0-1 ♠ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest
				3NT			MAX (19-21) \| Notrump-oriented hand. Choice of 3N or 4♥.
					4♥		Preference to 4♥
				4♦			MAX (19-21) \| 0-1 ♦ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest
				4♥			MAX (19-21) \| No slam interest
				4NT			Blackwood (♥)
			2♠				13+ \| 0-3 ♠ \| Usually 0-3 ♥ \| 4th Suit Forcing \| Artificial game force
				2NT			♠ stopper
					3♣		17+ \| 4-5 ♣ \| Slam interest
					3NT		To play \| No slam interest
					4NT		17-19 \| Quantitative \| Balanced invite to 6N. Non-forcing.
				3♣			5+♣ \| Suggests no ♠ stopper
					4♣		17+ \| 4-5 ♣ \| Slam interest
				3♦			3-4 ♦ \|
					4♣		17+ \| 4-5 ♣ \| Slam interest
				3NT			MID (16-18) \| ♠ stopper
					4♣		17+ \| 4-5 ♣ \| Slam interest
					4NT		Quantitative. Invite to 6N. Non-forcing.
			2NT				INV (11-12) \| No 4 card major
				3♣			12-13 \| 6+♣ \| Rejecting invite
				3♦			12-13 \| 4 ♦ \| Rejecting invite
				3NT			14-18 \| No slam interest
				4NT			MAX (19-21) \| Quantitative \| Balanced invite to 6N. Non-forcing.
			3♣				INV (11-12) \| 4+♣ \| No 4 card major
				3NT			14-18 \| ♠ stopper \| No slam interest
			3♦				INV (11-12) \| 6+♦ \| No 4 card major
				3NT			14-18 \| ♠ stopper \| No slam interest
			3♥				INV (11-12) \| 4 ♥ \|
				3♠			Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Subsequent non-heart bids
				4♣			Control showing cuebid. Slam interest, denies ♠ control. Subsequent non-heart bids
				4♦			Control showing cuebid. Slam interest, denies ♠ or ♣ control. Subsequent non-heart bids
				4♥			14-18 \| 4 ♥ \| No slam interest
				4NT			Blackwood (♥)
			3♠				13+ \| 4 ♥ \| 0-1 ♠ \| Splinter Bid \|
				3NT			Balanced or semi-balanced with strong spade holding (i.e. KJxx or QJTx) and notrump-oriented values.
				4♣			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-heart bids
				4♦			Control showing cuebid. Denies ♣ control. Subsequent non-heart bids
				4♥			Not willing to cooperate for slam. Suggests wasted spade values.
				4NT			Blackwood (♥)
			3NT				GF (13-16) \| No 4 card major
			4♥				GF (13-16) \| 4 ♥ \|
			4NT				Blackwood
		1♠					MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4 ♠ \|
			1NT				WK (6-10) \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				2♣			MIN (13-15) \| 6+♣ \|
				2♦			MIN (13-15) \| 4 ♦ \|
				2♠			13-18 \| 6+♣ \| 5+♠ \| Longer ♣ than ♠
				2NT			MID (16-18) \|
				3♣			MID (16-18) \| 6+♣ \|
				3♦			MID (16-18) \| 4 ♦ \|
				3NT			~16-17 hcp \| Often 4♠ + 6 strong ♣ \| Expects to run 9 tricks
			2♣				WK (6-10) \| 4+♣ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				2♦			MID (16-18) \| 3-4 ♦ \| Often 4-1-3-5 or 4-0-4-5
				2♥			MID (16-18) \| 3 ♥ \| Often 4-3-1-5
				2NT			MID (16-18) \| ♥ stopper \|
				3♣			MID (16-18) \| 5+♣ \| Suggests no ♥ stopper
				3NT			~16-17 hcp \| Often 4♠ + 6 strong ♣ \| Expects to run 9 tricks
			2♦				WK (6-10) \| 6+♦ \|
				3NT			~16-17 hcp \| Often 4♠ + 6+ solid ♣ \| Expects to run 9 tricks
			2♥				13+ \| 0-4 ♥ \| 4th Suit Forcing \| Artificial game force
				2NT			MIN (13-15) or MAX (19-21) \| ♥ stopper
					3♣		17+ \| 4-5 ♣ \| Slam interest
					3NT		GF (13-16) \|
				3♣			5+♣ \| Suggests no ♠ stopper
					4♣		17+ \| 4-5 ♣ \| Slam interest
				3♦			3-4 ♦ \|
					4♦		17+ \| 4-5 ♦ \| Slam interest
				3NT			MID (16-18) \| ♥ stopper
			2♠				WEAK (6-10) \| 4 ♠ \|
				2NT			MID (16-18) \| Often 4-2-2-5 distribution likely. Invites 3N or 4♠. Non-forcing.
					3♠		6-8 \| Rejecting invite. Suit-oriented hand.
					3NT		8-10 \| Accepting invite. Notrump-oriented hand.
					4♠		8-10 \| Accepting invite. Suit-oriented hand.
				3♣			MID (16-18) \| Game try bid
					3♦		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in clubs, but has a strong diamond holding and game interest.
					3♥		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in clubs, but has a strong heart holding and game interest.
					3♠		6-8 \| Rejecting invite
					3NT		8-10 \| Accepting invite. Balanced, notrump-oriented hand with strong heart holding. Choice of 3N or 4♠.
					4♠		8-10 \| Accepting invite
				3♦			MID (16-18) \| Game try bid
					3♥		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in diamonds, but has a strong heart holding and game interest.
					3♠		6-8 \| Rejecting invite
					3NT		8-10 \| Accepting invite. Balanced, notrump-oriented hand with strong heart holding. Choice of 3N or 4♠.
						4♠	Preference to ♠
					4♠		8-10 \| Accepting invite
				3♥			MID (16-18) \| Game try bid
					3♠		6-8 \| Rejecting invite
					3NT		8-10 \| Accepting invite. Balanced, notrump-oriented hand. Choice of 3N or 4♠.
					4♠		8-10 \| Accepting invite
				3♠			MID (16-18) \| Invitational to 4♠
					Pass		16-8 \| Rejecting invite
					4♠		8-10 \| Accepting invite
				3NT			Notrump-oriented hand. Choice of 3N or 4♠.
					4♠		Preference to 4♠
				4♦			MAX (19-21) \| 0-1 ♦ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest
				4♥			MAX (19-21) \| 0-1 ♥ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest
				4♠			MAX (19-21) \| No slam interest
				4NT			Blackwood (♠)
			2NT				INV (11-12) \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				3♣			12-13 \| 6+♣ \| Rejecting invite
				3♦			12-13 \| 4 ♦ \| Rejecting invite
				3NT			14-18 \| No slam interest
				4NT			MAX (19-21) \| Quantitative \| Balanced invite to 6N. Non-forcing.
			3♣				INV (11-12) \| 4+♣ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				3NT			14-18 \| ♥ stopper \| No slam interest
			3♦				INV (11-12) \| 6+♦ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				3NT			14-18 \| ♥ stopper \| No slam interest
			3♠				INV (11-12) \| 4 ♠ \|
				4♣			Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Subsequent non-spade bids
				4♦			Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Denies ♣ control. Subsequent non-spade bids
				4♥			Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Denies ♣ or ♦ control. Subsequent non-spade bids
				4♠			14-18 \| 4 ♠ \| No slam interest
				4NT			Blackwood (♠)
			3NT				GF (13-16) \| 0-3 ♠ \|
			4♥				13+ \| 4 ♠ \| 0-1 ♥ \| Splinter Bid \|.
				4♠			Not willing to cooperate for slam. Suggests wasted heart values.
				4NT			Blackwood (♠)
			4♠				GF (13-16) \| 4 ♠ \|
			4NT				Blackwood
		1NT					MIN (13-15) \| No 4 card major
			2♣				WK (6-10) \| 4+♣ \| Opener must pass
			2♥				13+ \| 5+♦ \| 4+♥ \| Longer ♦ than ♥
			2♠				13+ \| 5+♦ \| 4+♠ \| Longer ♦ than ♠
			2NT				INV (11-12) \| May have a 4 card major
			3♣				INV (11-12) \| 4+♣ \| May have a 4 card major
			3♦				INV (11-12) \| 6+♦ \| May have a 4 card major
			3NT				GF (13-16) \| May have a 4 card major
			4NT				17-19 \| Quantitative \| Natural invite to 6N. Non-forcing.
		2♣					MIN (13-15) \| 6+♣ \|
			2♦				WK (6-10) \| 6+ strong ♦ \| Opener is expected to pass
			2♥				13+ \| 5+♦ \| 4+♥ \| Longer ♦ than ♥
			2♠				13+ \| 5+♦ \| 4+♠ \| Longer ♦ than ♠
			2NT				INV (11-12) \| May have a 4 card major
				3♣			12-13 \| 6+♣ \| Rejecting invite
				3NT			14-15 \| Accepting invite
			3♣				INV (11-12) \| 3+♣ \|
				3♥			14-15 \| ♥ stopper \| no ♠ stopper \|
				3♠			14-15 \| ♠ stopper \| no ♥ stopper \|
				3NT			14-15 \| ♥ + ♠ stoppers \|
			3♦				INV (11-12) \| 6+♦ \|
				3♥			14-15 \| ♥ stopper \| no ♠ stopper \|
				3♠			14-15 \| ♠ stopper \| no ♥ stopper \|
				3NT			14-15 \| ♥ + ♠ stoppers \|
			3NT				GF (13-16) \| ♥ + ♠ stoppers \|
		2♦					MIN (13-15)\| 4 ♦ \| No 4 card major
			2♥				11+ \| ♥ values \| Suggests no ♠ stopper \| Usually a try for 3NT
				2NT			12-13 \| ♠ stopper \|
				3♣			12-13 \| 5+♣ \| Implies no ♠ stopper
				3♦			12-13 \| 4 ♦ \| 5 ♣ \| Implies no ♠ stopper
				3♥			14-15 \| 3 ♥ \| Usually 1-3-4-5 distribution.
				3NT			14-15 \| ♠ stopper \|
			2♠				11+ \| ♠ values \| Suggests no ♥ stopper \| Usually a try for 3NT
				2NT			12-13 \| ♥ stopper \|
				3♣			12-13 \| 5+♣ \| Implies no ♥ stopper
				3♦			12-13 \| 4 ♦ \| 5 ♣ \| Implies no ♥ stopper
				3♠			14-15 \| 3 ♠ \| Usually 3-1-4-5 distribution.
				3NT			14-15 \| ♥ stopper \|
			2NT				INV (11-12) \| Stoppers in both majors
				3♣			12-13 \| 5-6 ♣ \| Rejecting invite
				3♦			12-13 \| 4 ♦ \| Rejecting invite
				3NT			14-15 \| Accepting invite
			3♦				INV (11-12) \| 5+ ♦ \|
			3♥				17 + \| 5+ ♦ \| 0-1 ♥ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest
			3♠				17 + \| 5+ ♦ \| 0-1 ♠ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest
			3NT				GF (13-16) \| ♥ + ♠ stoppers \|
		2♥					MAX (19-21) \| Strong Jump Shift
		2♠					MAX (19-21) \| Strong Jump Shift
		2NT					18-19 HCP \| Balanced \| May have a 4 card major
			3♣				5-6 \| 5+♣
			3♦				7+ \| 6+♦ \| No 4 card major
			3♥				7+ \| 4♥
			3♠				7+ \| 4♠
			3NT				7+ \| Balanced \| No slam interest
		3♣					MID (16-18) \| 6+♣ \| No 4 card major
			3♥				8+ \| Values in ♥ \| Suggests no ♠ stopper
			3♠				8+ \| Values in ♠ \| Suggests no ♥ stopper
			3NT				8+ \| ♥ + ♠ stoppers \|
		3♦					MID (16-18) \| 4 ♦ \| No 4 card major
			3♥				8+ \| Values in ♥ \| Suggests no ♠ stopper
			3♠				8+ \| Values in ♠ \| Suggests no ♥ stopper
			3NT				8+ \| ♥ + ♠ stoppers \|
		3♥					MAX (19-21) \| 4-5 ♦ \| 0-1 ♥ \| Splinter Raise \| Subsequent non-diamond bids
			3NT				Natural with strong ♥ holding.
		3♠					MAX (19-21) \| 4-5 ♦ \| 0-1 ♠ \| Splinter Raise \| Subsequent non-diamond bids
			3NT				Natural with strong ♠ holding.
		3NT					MAX (19-21) or expects to have 9 winners. No 4 card major

1♥					6+ \| 4+ ♥ \| Can bypass a 4 card ♦ suit if weak.
	1♠				MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4 ♠ \| 0-3 ♥ \|
		1NT			WK (6-10) \| 1-3 ♠ \|
			2♣		MIN (13-15) \|
			2♦		MID (16-18) \| 4 ♦ \| Often 4-1-4-5. Non-forcing.
				2♠	6-8 \| 3 ♠ \|
				2NT	6-8 \|
				3♣	6-8 \| 3-4 ♣ \|
				3♦	8-10 \| 4 ♦\|
				3NT	8-10 \|
			2♠		13-18 \| 6+♣ \| 5+♠ \| Longer ♣ than ♠
			2NT		MID (16-18) \|
			3♣		MID (16-18) \| 6+♣ \|
			3NT		~16-17 hcp \| Often 4♠ + 6 strong ♣ \| Expects to run 9 tricks
		2♣			WK (6-10) \| 5-6 ♣ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
			2♠		13-18 \| 6+♣ \| 5+♠ \| Longer ♣ than ♠
			2NT		MID (16-18) \|
			3♣		MID (16-18) \| 5+♣ \| Suggests no ♦ stopper
			3NT		~16-17 hcp \| Often 4♠ + 6 strong ♣ \| Expects to run 9 tricks
		2♦			4th Suit Forcing \| 13+ \| Artificial game force
			2♥		3♥ \| any strength
			2♠		4 strong ♠ \| No ♦ stopper \| 0-2 ♥
			2NT		♦ stopper \| 0-2♥ \|
			3♣		Natural \| Extra ♣ length OR no ♦ stopper \| 0-2♥
			3♥		3♥ \| 5-4-3-1 shape
			3NT		♦ stopper \| 0-2♥ \|
		2♥			WK (6-10) \| 6+♥ \|
			2NT		MID (16-18) \| ♦ stopper \| Often 4-1-3-5
				3♣	6-8 \| 3-4 ♣ \| Rejecting invite
				3NT	8-10 \| Accepting invite
			3♣		MID (16-18) \| 6+♣ \|
			3♥		MID (16-18) \| 2-3 ♥ \|
			3NT		~16-17 hcp \| Often 4♠ + 6 strong ♣ \| ♦ stopper \| Expects to run 9 tricks
			4♥		~16-17 hcp \| 2-3 ♥ \| Often 4-3-1-5
		2♠			WK (6-10) \| 4 ♠ \|
			3♣		MID (16-18) \| 4-5 ♣ \| Game try bid
				3♦	Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in clubs, but has a good diamond holding and game interest.
				3♥	Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in clubs, but has a strong heart holding and game interest.
				3♠	6-8 \| Rejecting invite
				4♠	8-10 \| Accepting invite
			3♦		MID (16-18) \| Game try bid
				3♥	Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in diamonds, but has a strong heart holding and game interest.
				3♠	6-8 \| Rejecting invite
				4♠	8-10 \| Accepting invite
			3♠		MID (16-18) \| Invitational to 4♠
				4♠	8-10 \| Accepting invite
			4♠		~16-17 hcp \| Often 4♠ + 6 strong ♣ \|
			4NT		Blackwood (♠)
		2NT			INV (11-12) \| 0-3 ♠ \| May have 5 ♥
			3♣		12-13 \| 5+♣ \| Rejecting invite
			3♥		14-18 \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
				3NT	4 card ♥ suit \|
				4♥	5 card ♥ suit \|
			3NT		14-18 \| 0-2 ♥ \| Accepting invite
		3♣			INV (11-12) \| 4+♣ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
			3♥		14-18 \| 3 ♥ \| Accepting invite, choice of games.
				3NT	4 card ♥ suit \| ♦ stopper \|
				4♥	4-5 ♥ \|
			3NT		14-18 \| 0-2 ♥ \| Suggests ♦ stopper \|
		3♥			INV (11-12) \| 6+♥ \| 0-3! S \|
			3♠		14-18 \| 0-1 ♥ \| Usually looking for ♦ stopper
			3NT		14-18 \| 0-1 ♥ \| ♦ stopper \|
			4♥		14-18 \| 2-3 ♥ \| No slam interest
		3♠			INV (11-12) \| 4 ♠ \|
			4♣		Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Subsequent non-spade bids
			4♦		Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Denies ♣ control. Subsequent non-spade bids
			4♥		Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Denies ♣/♦ control. Subsequent non-spade bids
			4♠		14-18 \| 4 ♠ \| No slam interest
			4NT		Blackwood (♠)
		3NT			GF (13-16) \| No 4 card major
		4♠			GF (13-16) \| 4 ♠ \|
		4NT			Blackwood
	1NT				MIN (13-15) \| No 4 card major
		2♣			WK (6-10) \| 4+♣ \| Opener must pass
		2♦			WK (6-10) \| 5+♦ \|
			2♥		MIN (13-15) \| 3 ♥ \|
		2♥			WK (6-10) \| 6+♥ \| Opener must pass
		2♠			13+ \| 5+♥ \| 4+♠ \| Longer ♥ than ♠
		2NT			INV (11-12) \| May have 5 ♥
			3♥		14-15 \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
				3NT	4 card ♥ suit
				4♥	5 card ♥ suit
			3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♥ \|
		3♣			INV (11-12) \| 5+♣ \|
			3♥		14-15 \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of games
				3NT	4 card ♥ suit
				4♥	5 card ♥ suit
			3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♥ \| Confirms side suit stoppers
		3♦			GF (13-16) \| 3+♦ \| Often looking for 3 card ♥ support
			3♥		3 ♥ \|
			3NT		0-2 ♥ \|
		3♥			INV (11-12) \| 6+♥ \|
			4♥		14-15 \| 2-3 ♥ \|
		3NT			GF (13-16) \|
		4NT			17-19 \| Quantitative \| Natural invite to 6N. Non-forcing.
	2♣				MIN (13-15) \| 5+♣ (usually 6+) \|
		2♦			11+ \| 3+♦ \| Natural but often looking for 3 card ♥ support
		2♥			WK (6-10) \| 6+♥ \| Opener is expected to pass
		2♠			13+ \| 5+♥ \| 4+♠ \| Longer ♥ than ♠
		2NT			INV (11-12) \|
			3♣		12-13 \| Rejecting invite
			3♥		14-15 \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
				3NT	4 card ♥ suit
				4♥	5 card ♥ suit
			3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♥ \|
		3♣			INV (11-12) \| 3+♣ \|
			3♦		14-15 \| ♦ stopper (no ♠ stop)
			3♥		14-15 \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
			3♠		14-15 \| ♠ stopper (no ♦ stop)
			3NT		14-15 \| Suggests ♦ + ♠ stoppers
		3NT			GF (13-16) \| 4 card ♥ suit \| ♦ + ♠ stoppers \|
	2♦				REVERSE \| 17+ \| 5+♣ and 4+♦\| ♣ longer than ♦\|
		2♥			5+♥ \| Any strength \| Does not promise another call if opener makes a minimum rebid
		2♠			ARTIFICIAL \| Only 4♥ \| Asks opener to make another descriptive bid (i.e. NT with a ♠ stopper)
		2NT			ARTIFICIAL \| Only 4♥ \| 6-8 pts \| Wants to sign-off at the 3-level.
		3♣			8+ \| 3+♣
		3♦			8+ \| 4+♦
		3♥			8+ \| 6+♥
		3NT			8+ \| ♠ stopper \| Only 4♥ \| Natural, no slam interest.
		4♣			4+♣ \| Distributional, slam interest.
		4♦			4+♦ \| Distributional, slam interest.
	2♥				MIN (13-15) \| 4 ♥ \|
		2♠			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid
			3♣		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♠, but has a strong ♣ holding and game interest.
			3♦		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♠, but has a strong ♦ holding and game interest.
			3♥		12-13 \| Rejecting invite
			4♥		14-15 \| Accepting invite
		2NT			INV (11-12) \| 4 card ♥ suit \| Balanced notrump-oriented hand. Invites game in 3NT or 4♥.
			3♥		12-13 \| Rejecting invite
			3NT		14-15 \| Accepting invite. Balanced, notrump-oriented hand.
			4♥		14-15 \| Accepting invite. Suit-oriented hand.
		3♣			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid
			3♦		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♣, but has a strong ♦ holding and game interest.
			3♥		12-13 \| Rejecting invite
			4♥		14-15 \| Accepting invite
		3♦			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid
			3♥		12-13 \| Rejecting invite
			4♥		14-15 \| Accepting invite
		3♥			INV (11-12) \|
			4♥		14-15 \| Accepting invite
		3♠			17+ \| 5+ ♥ \| 0-1 ♠ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest \| Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
		3NT			GF (13-16) \| 4 card ♥ suit \| Balanced, notrump-oriented hand. Choice of 3NT or 4♥.
			4♥		Preference to ♥
		4♣			17+ \| 5+ ♥ \| 0-1 ♣ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest \| Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
		4♦			17+ \| 5+ ♥ \| 0-1 ♦ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest \| Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
		4♥			GF (13-16) \| No slam interest
		4NT			Blackwood (♥)
	2♠				MAX (19-21) \| Strong Jump Shift
	2NT				18-19 HCP \| Balanced \| 2-3♥ \| May have 4♠
		3♣			5-6 \| 5+♣
		3♦			Often looking for 3 card ♥ support
		3♥			7+♥
		3♠			7+ \| 4♠ \| 5♥
		3NT			7+ \| Balanced \| No slam interest
	3♣				MID (16-18)
		3♦			8+ \| ♦ stopper \| Suggests no ♠ stopper
		3♥			8+ \| 5+ ♥ \|
		3♠			8+ \| ♠ stopper \| Suggests no ♦ stopper
		3NT			8+ \| Suggests ♦ + ♠ stoppers \| Usually 4 card ♥ suit \|
	3♦				14+ HCP \| 4 ♥ \| 0-1 ♦ \| Splinter Bid \| Only forcing to 3♥
		3♥			WK (6-10) \| Wasted ♦ values
		3♠			11+ \| Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
		3NT			INV (11-12) \| 4 card ♥ suit \| Strong ♦ holding
		4♣			11+ \| Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
		4♥			No slam interest.
		4NT			Blackwood (♥)
	3♥				MID (16-18) \| 4 ♥ \|
		4♥			8+ \| No slam interest
	3♠				MAX (19-21) \| 4 ♥ \| 0-1 ♠ \| Splinter Bid \|
		3NT			INV (11-12) \| 4 card ♥ suit \| Strong ♦ holding
		4♣			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
		4♦			Control showing cuebid. Denies ♣ control. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
		4♥			No slam interest. Suggests wasted ♠ values.
		4NT			Blackwood (♥)
	3NT				1-3 ♥ \| 6+ solid ♣ \|
	4♣				MAX (19-21) \| 4 ♥ \| 6+ solid ♣s
		4♦			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
		4♥			Minimum hand. No slam interest.
		4♠			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
		4NT			Blackwood (♥)
	4♦				MAX (19-21) \| 4 ♥ \| 0-1 ♠ \| Splinter Bid \|Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
		4♥			Minimum hand, suggests wasted values in ♦. No slam interest.
		4NT			Blackwood (♥)
	4♥				MAX (19-21) \| 4 ♥ \|
	4NT				Blackwood (♥)

1♠					6+ \| 4+♠ \| Can bypass a 4 card ♦ suit if weak.
	1NT				MIN (13-15) \| 0-3 ♠ \| May have 4 ♥ \|
		Pass			1WK (6-10) \|
		2♣			WK (6-10) \| Usually unbalanced, would rather play 2♣ than 1N. Partner must pass.
		2♦			WK (6-10) \| Unbalanced, would rather play 2♦ than 1N. Partner is expected to pass. *^
		2♥			WK (6-10) \| 5+♠ \| 4+♥ \| Choice of majors
			2♠		Preference to ♠.
		2♠			WK (6-10) \| Partner is expected to pass.
		2NT			INV (11-12) \| May have 5 ♠.
			3♠		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
				3NT	4 card ♠ suit
				4♠	5 card ♠ suit
			3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♠\|
		3♣			INV (11-12) \| Usually unbalanced.
			3♠		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠.
				3NT	4 card ♠ suit
				4♠	5 card ♠ suit
			3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♠ \| ♦ stopper
		3♦			GF (13-16) \| May have 5 ♠
			3♠		3 ♠ \|
				3NT	4 card ♠ suit
				4♠	5 card ♠ suit
		3♥			GF (13-16) \| May have 5 ♠
		3♠			INV (11-12) \|
			3NT		14-15 \| Usually singleton ♠.
			4♠		14-15 \|
		3NT			GF (13-16) \| Tends to deny 5 ♠s.
		4NT			Quantitative \| Natural invite to 6NT (18-19 hcp)
	2♣				MIN (13-15) \|
		2♦			11+ \| Technically natural but often looking for 3 card ♠ support.
		2♥			11+ \|
		2♠			WK (6-10) \| Partner is expected to pass.
		2NT			INV (11-12) \| Balanced or semi-balanced. Suggests stoppers in both ♦ +♥.
			Pass		112-13 \| Rejecting invite.
			3♣		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
			3♠		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠.
				3NT	Usually only a 4 card ♠ suit.
				4♠	5 card ♠ suit.
			3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♠ \| Accepting invite.
		3♣			INV (11-12)
			3♦		14-15 \| ♦ stopper (no ♥ stop)
			3♥		14-15 \| ♥ stopper (no ♦ stop)
			3♠		14-15 \| 3♠ \|
			3NT		14-15 \| ♦+♥ stoppers \|
		3♠			INV (11-12)
			3NT		14-15 \| ♦+♥ stoppers \| Usually singleton ♠.
			4♠		14-15 \|
		3NT			GF (13-16) \| ♦+♥ stoppers.
	2♦				REVERSE \| 17+ \| 5+♣ and 4+♦\| ♣ longer than ♦\|
		2♥			ARTIFICIAL \| Usually 4♠ \| Asks opener to make another descriptive bid (i.e. NT with a ♥ stopper)
		2♠			5+♠ \| Any strength \| Does not promise another call if opener makes a minimum rebid
		2NT			ARTIFICIAL \| Only 4♠ \| 6-8 pts \| Wants to sign-off at the 3-level.
		3♣			8+ \| 3+♣
		3♦			8+ \| 4+♦
		3♠			8+ \| 6+♠
		3NT			8+ \| ♥ stopper \| Only 4♠ \| Natural, no slam interest.
		4♣			4+♣ \| Distributional, slam interest.
		4♦			4+♦ \| Distributional, slam interest.
	2♥				REVERSE \| 17+ \| 5+♣ and 4+♥\| ♣ longer than ♥\|
		2♠			5+♠ \| Any strength \| Does not promise another call if opener makes a minimum rebid
		2NT			ARTIFICIAL \| Only 4♠ \| 6-8 pts \| Wants to sign-off at the 3-level.
		3♣			8+ \| 3+♣
		3♦			ARTIFICIAL \| Only 4♠ \| Asks opener to make another descriptive bid (i.e. NT with a ♦ stopper)
		3♥			8+ \| 4♥
		3♠			8+ \| 6+♠
		3NT			8+ \| ♦ stopper \| Only 4♠ \| Natural, no slam interest.
		4♣			4+♣ \| Distributional, slam interest.
		4♥			4♥ \| No slam interest.
	2♠				MIN (13-15)
		2NT			INV (11-12) \| 4 ♠ \| Balanced \| Invites 3NT or 4♠ \|
			3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite
			3NT		14-15 \| Accepting invite \| Balanced hand
			4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite \| Suit-oriented hand
		3♣			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
			3♦		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♣, but has a strong ♦ holding and game interest.
			3♥		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♣, but has a strong ♥ holding and game interest.
			3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
			3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠ \| Balanced hand
				4♠	Correction back to ♠
			4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
		3♦			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
			3♥		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♦, but has a strong ♥ holding and game interest.
			3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
			3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠ \| Balanced hand
				4♠	Correction back to ♠.
			4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
		3♥			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
			3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
			3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠ \| Balanced hand.
				4♠	Correction back to ♠.
			4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
		3♠			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
			3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠. Balanced hand.
				4♠	Correction back to ♠.
			4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
		3NT			GF (13-16) \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠ \| Balanced hand.
			4♠		Correction back to ♠.
		4♣			16+ \| 0-1♣ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♦			16+ \| 0-1♦ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♥			16+ \| 0-1♥ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♠			GF (13-16)
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	2NT				18-19 HCP \| Balanced \| 2-3♠ \| May have 4♥
		3♣			5-6 \| 5+♣
		3♦			Often looking for 3 card ♠ support
		3♥			7+ \| 4-5♥ \| 5♠
		3♠			6+♠
		3NT			7+ \| Balanced \| No slam interest
	3♣				MID (16-18)
		3♦			8+, usually with ♦ stopper but may just be looking for 3 card ♠ support.
		3♥			8+.
		3♠
		3NT			8+ \| ♦+♥ stoppers \|
	3♦				14+ \| 4♠ \| 0-1 ♦ \| Splinter Bid \| Only forcing to 3♠.
		3♥			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		3♠			6-8(9). Minimum, suggests wasted ♦ values.
		3NT			Usually 10-12. Strong ♦ holding, notrump-oriented values. Often only 4 ♠s.
		4♣			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♠			No slam interest.
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	3♥				14+ \| 4♠ \| 0-1 ♥ \| Splinter Bid \| Only forcing to 3♠.
		3♠			6-8(9). Minimum, suggests wasted values in ♥.
		3NT			Usually 10-12. Strong ♥ holding, notrump-oriented values. Often only 4 ♠s.
		4♣			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♠			No slam interest.
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	3♠				MID (16-18)
		3NT			9-12 \| 4♠ \| Balanced hand with stoppers \| No slam interest.
		4♣			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♦			Control showing cuebid. Denies ♣ control. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♥			Control showing cuebid. Denies ♣ or ♦ control. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♠			No slam interest.
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	3NT				MAX (19-21) \| No 4 card major.
	4♣				4♠ \| 6+ strong ♣ \|
		4♦			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♥			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♠			No slam interest.
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	4♦				MAX (19-21) \| 4 ♠ \| 0-1 ♦ \| Splinter Raise \| Subsequent non-spade bids
		4♥			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
		4♠			Minimum hand, suggests wasted values in ♦. No slam interest.
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	4♥				MAX (19-21) \| 4 ♠ \| 0-1 ♥ \| Splinter Raise \| Subsequent non-spade bids
		4♠			Minimum hand, suggests wasted values in ♥. No slam interest.
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	4♠				MAX (19-21) \| 4 ♠ \|
	4NT				Blackwood (♠)

1NT			WK (6-10) \| No 4 card major
	2♣		MIN (13-15) \| May have a 4 card major
	2♦		REVERSE \| 17+ \| 5+♣ and 4+♦\| ♣ longer than ♦\|
		2♥	8-10 \| ♥ values
		2♠	8-10 \| ♠ values
		2NT	6-8 \| Natural, non-forcing
		3♣	6-8 \| 3+♣
		3♦	6-8 \| 4+♦
		3NT	8-10 \| ♥+♠ stoppers
	2♥		REVERSE \| 17+ \| 5+♣ and 4+♥\| ♣ longer than ♥\|
		2♠	8-10 \| ♠ values
		2NT	6-8 \| Natural, non-forcing
		3♣	6-8 \| 3+♣
		3♦	8-10 \| ♦ values
		3NT	8-10 \| ♦+♠ stoppers
	2♠		REVERSE \| 17+ \| 5+♣ and 4+♠\| ♣ longer than ♠\|
		2NT	6-8 \| Natural, non-forcing
		3♣	6-8 \| 3+♣
		3♦	8-10 \| ♦ values
		3♥	8-10 \| ♥ values
		3NT	8-10 \| ♦+♥ stoppers
	2NT		MID (16-18) \| Balanced
		3NT	8-10 \|
	3♣		MID (16-18) \| 6+♣ \|
		3NT	8-10 \|
	3NT		MAX (19-21) or expects to have 9 winners.

2♣		WK (6-10) \|
	2♦	16+ \| 4 ♦ \| Usually a try for NT
	2♥	16+ \| 4 ♥ \| Usually a try for NT
	2♠	16+ \| 4 ♠ \| Usually a try for NT
	2NT	MID (16-18)
	3♣	MID (16-18)
	3♦	MAX (19-21) \| 5+♣ \| 0-1 ♦ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest
	3♥	MAX (19-21) \| 5+♣ \| 0-1 ♥ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest
	3♠	MAX (19-21) \| 5+♣ \| 0-1 ♠ \| Splinter Bid \| Slam interest
	3NT	MAX (19-21) or expects to have 9 winners

2♦

17+ | Strong Jump Shift

2♥

17+ | Strong Jump Shift

2♠

17+ | Strong Jump Shift

2NT		INV (11-12) \| No 4 card major \| Balanced
	3♣	12-13 \| Rejecting invite
	3NT	14-18 \| Accepting invite

3♣		INV (11-12)
	3♦	14+ \| ♦ values \| Usually a try for 3NT
	3♥	14+ \| ♥ values \| Usually a try for 3NT
	3♠	14+ \| ♠ values \| Usually a try for 3NT
	3NT	14+ \| No slam interest

	3♦									11+ HCP \| 6+♣ \| 0-1 ♦ \| No 4 card major \| Splinter Bid
		3NT								Balanced minimum with strong ♦ holding. No slam interest.

	3♥									11+ HCP \| 6+♣ \| 0-1 ♥ \| No 4 spades \| Splinter Bid
		3NT								Balanced minimum with strong ♥ holding. No slam interest.

	3♠									11+ HCP \| 6+♣ \| 0-1 ♠ \| No 4 hearts \| Splinter Bid
		3NT								Balanced minimum with strong ♠ holding. No slam interest.

3NT

GF (13-15) | No 4 card major | Balanced

After bidding 1♦
	1♥					6+ \| 4+♥ \|
		1♠				MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4♠ \| 0-3 ♥ \|
			1NT			WK (6-10) \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				2♣		MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4♣ \| 4-5♦ \| 4♥ \|
					2♦	WK (6-10) \| 3-4 ♦ \|
					2♠	WK (6-10) \| 3 ♠ \|
					3♣	8-10 \| 4+♣ \|
				2♠		6+♦ \| 5+♠ \| ♦ > ♠ \| May have minimum hcp.
				2NT		MID (16-18) \|
				3♦		MID (16-18) \| 6+♦ \|
				3NT		16-17 HCP \| 6+ solid ♦ \|
			2♣			4th Suit Forcing \| 13+ \| Artificial game force
				2♥		3♥ \| any strength
				2♠		4 strong ♠ \| No ♣ stopper \| 0-2 ♥
				2NT		♣ stopper \| 0-2♥ \|
				3♦		Natural \| Extra ♦ length OR no ♣ stopper \| 0-2♥
				3♥		3♥ \| 5-4-3-1 shape
				3NT		♣ stopper \| 0-2♥ \|
			2♦			WK (6-10) \| 4+♦ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				2NT		MID (16-18) \| ♣ stopper \|
				3NT		16-17 HCP \| 6+ strong ♦ \| ♣ stopper \|
			2♥			WK (6-10) \| 6+♥ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				2NT		MID (16-18) \| ♣ stopper \| 0-2 ♥ \|
					3♦	6-8 \| 3-4 ♦ \| Rejecting invite
					3♥	6-8 \| 6+♥ \| Rejecting invite
					3NT	8-10 \| Accepting invite
				3♦		MID (16-18) \| 6+♦ \|
				3♥		MID (16-18) \| 2-3 ♥ \|
				3NT		16-17 HCP \| 6+ solid ♦ \| ♣ stopper \|
				4♥		16-17 HCP \| 2-3 ♥ \| Usually solid ♦ \|
			2♠			WK (6-10) \| 4 ♠ \|
				2NT		MID (16-18) \| Invitational to 3NT or 4♠.
					3♠	6-8 \| Rejecting invite
					3NT	8-10 \| Accepting invite
					4♠	8-10 \| Accepting invite
				3♣		MID (16-18) \| Game try bid.
					3♦	Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in clubs, but has a good diamond holding and game interest.
					3♥	Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in clubs, but has a strong heart holding and game interest.
					3♠	6-8 \| Rejecting invite.
					3NT	8-10 \| Choice of 3N or 4♠ \|
					4♠	8-10 \| Accepting invite.
				3♦		MID (16-18) \| Game try bid
					3♥	Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in diamonds, but has a strong heart holding and game interest.
					3♠	6-8 \| Rejecting invite.
					3NT	8-10 \| Choice of 3N or 4♠ \|
					4♠	8-10 \| Accepting invite.
				3♠		MID (16-18)
					4♠	8-10 \| Accepting invite.
			2NT			INV (11-12) \| 0-3 ♠ \| May have 5 ♥ \|
				3♣
				3♦		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
				3♥		14+ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥.
					3NT	4 card ♥ suit
					4♥	5 card ♥ suit
				3NT		14+ \| 0-2 ♥ \|
			3♣			INV (11-12) \| 5 ♥ \| 5 ♣ \|
				3♦
				3♥		12-13 \| 3 ♥ \|
				3NT		14+ \| 0-2 ♥ \|
				4♥		14+ \| 3 ♥ \|
			3♦			INV (11-12) \| 4+♦ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				3♥		14+ \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥.
					3NT	♣ stopper \| 4 card ♥ suit \|
					4♥	5 card ♥ suit
				3NT		14+ \| ♣ stopper \| 0-2 ♥ \|
			3♥			INV (11-12) \| 6+♥ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
				3NT		14+ \| ♣ stopper \| Usually singleton ♥
				4♥		14-18 \| 2-3 ♥ \|
			3♠			INV (11-12) \| 4 ♠ \|
				4♣		Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Subsequent non-spade bids
				4♦		Control showing cuebid. Slam interest. Denies ♣ control. Subsequent non-spade bids
				4♠		14+ \| No slam interest
				4NT		Blackwood (♠)
			3NT			GF (13-15) \| 0-3 ♠ \| Tends to deny 5 ♥.
			4♠			GF (13-15) \| 4 ♠ \|
			4NT			Blackwood (♠) \| 4 ♠ \|
		1NT				MIN (13-15) \| No 4 card major
			Pass			1WK (6-10)
			2♣			WK (6-10) \| 5+♣ \|
			2♦			WK (6-10) \| 4+♦ \| Opener must pass.
			2♥			WK (6-10) \| 6+♥ \| Opener must pass.
			2♠			5+♥ and 4+♠ (♥ > ♠) \| Game forcing
			2NT			INV (11-12) \| May have 5 ♥
				3♥		14-15 \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥.
					3NT	4 card ♥ suit.
					4♥	5 card ♥ suit.
				3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♥ \|
			3♣			GF (13-15)+ \|
				3♦		Denies 3 card ♥ support.
				3♥		3 card ♥ support.
					4♥
				3NT		0-2 ♥ \|
			3♦			INV (11-12) \| 4+♦ \|
				3♥		14-15 \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥.
					3NT	4 card ♥ suit.
					4♥	5 card ♥ suit.
				3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♥ \|
			3♥			INV (11-12 \| 6+♥
				3NT		14-15 \| Usually singleton ♥.
				4♥		14-15 \| 2-3 ♥ \|
			3NT			GF (13-15) \| Tends to deny 5 ♥s.
			4NT			17-19 HCP \| Quantitative \| Natural invite to 6N. Non-forcing.
		2♣				MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4+♣ \| 0-3 ♥ \|
			2♦			WK (6-10) \| 3+♦ \|
				2♥		MID (16-18) \| 3 ♥ \|
				2♠		MID (16-18)
				2NT		MID (16-18) \| ♠ stopper \|
					3NT	8-10 \|
			2♥			WK (6-10) \| 6+♥ \|
				2NT		MID (16-18) with ♠ stoppers.
				3♥		MID (16-18) \| 2-3 ♥ \|
			2NT			INV (11-12) \| ♠ stopper \| May have 5 ♥s.
				3♣		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
				3♦		14-18 \| 6♦ \| 4♣ \|
				3♥		14-18 \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥.
					3NT	4 card ♥ suit.
					4♥	5 card ♥ suit.
				3NT		14-18 \| 0-2 ♥
			3♣			INV (11-12) \| 4+♣
				3♥		14-15 \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of games
				3NT		14-15 \| ♠ stoppers \| 0-2 ♥ \|
			3♥			INV (11-12) \| 6+♥ \|
				3NT		14-15 \| ♠ stopper \| Usually singleton ♥.
				4♥		14-15 \| 2-3 ♥ \|
			3NT			GF (13-15) \| ♠ stopper \| Usually only 4 ♥ \|
		2♦				MIN (13-15) \| 6+♦ \| 0-3 ♥ \|
			2♥			WK (6-10) \| 6+♥ \| Opener is expected to pass.
			2♠			5+♥ and 4+♠ (♥ > ♠) \| Game forcing
			2NT			INV (11-12) \|
				Pass		112-13. Rejecting invite.
				3♣		12-13 \| 6♦ \| 4♣ \|
				3♦		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
				3♥		14-15 \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥.
					3NT	4 card ♥ suit.
					4♥	5 card ♥ suit.
				3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♥ \|
			3♦			INV (11-12) \| 3+♦ \|
				3♥		14-15 \| 3 ♥ \| Choice of games
				3♠		14-15 \| ♠ stopper \| Implies no ♣ stopper
				3NT		14-15 \| ♠ + ♣ stoppers \|
			3NT			GF (13-15) \| ♣ + ♠ stoppers \|
		2♥				MIN (13-15) \| 4 ♥ \|
			2♠			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
				2NT		12-13 \| Balanced.
				3♣		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♠, but has a strong ♣ holding and game interest.
				3♦		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♠, but has a strong ♦ holding and game interest.
				3♥		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
				3♠		14-15 \| 4 ♠ \| Choice of games
				3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
				4♥		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
			2NT			INV (11-12) \| Invites game in 3NT or 4♥ \| Non-forcing
				3♥		12-13 \| Rejecting invite
				3NT		14-15 \| Accepting invite
				4♥		14-15 \| Accepting invite
			3♣			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
				3♦		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♣, but has a strong ♦ holding and game interest.
				3♥		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
				3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥.
				4♥		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
			3♦			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
				3♥		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
				3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥.
				4♥		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
			3♥			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
				3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥.
				4♥		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
			3♠			SPLINTER \| 16+ \| 0-1 ♠ \| Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
			3NT			GF (13-15) \| Balanced, 4 card ♥ suit \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥.
			4♣			SPLINTER \| 16+ \| 0-1 ♣ \| Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
			4♦			SPLINTER \| 16+ \| 0-1 ♦ \| Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
			4♥			GF (13-15) \|
			4NT			Blackwood (♥)
		2♠				MAX (19-21) \| Strong Jump Shift.
		2NT				18-19 HCP \| Balanced \| 2-3♥ \| May have 4♠
			3♣			Often looking for 3 card ♥ support
			3♦			5-6 \| 5+♦
			3♥			6+♥
			3♠			7+ \| 4♠ \| 5♥
			3NT			7+ \| Balanced \| No slam interest
		3♣				MAX (19-21) \| Strong Jump Shift
		3♦				MID (16-18) \| 6+♦ \|
		3♥				MID (16-18) \| 4 ♥ \|
			3NT			9-12 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
		3♠				SPLINTER \| 19+ \| 4 ♥ \| 0-1 ♠ \| Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
			3NT			Usually 10-12 \| Balanced, strong ♠ holding \| No slam interest
			4♣			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
			4♦			Control showing cuebid. Denies ♣ control. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
			4♥			Minimum hand, suggests wasted values in ♠. No slam interest.
			4NT			Blackwood (♥)
		3NT				16-17 HCP \| 0-3 ♥ \| 6+ solid ♦ \|
		4♣				SPLINTER \| 19+ \| 4 ♥ \| 0-1 ♣ \| Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
			4♦			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
			4♥			Minimum hand, suggests wasted values in ♣. No slam interest.
			4♠			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
			4NT			Blackwood (♥)
		4♦				4♥ \| 6+ solid ♦ \|
			4♥			Minimum hand. No slam interest.
			4♠			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♥ suit bids
			4NT			Blackwood (♥)
		4♥				MAX (19-21) \| 4 ♥ \|
		4NT				Blackwood (♥)

1♠					6+ \| 4+♠ \|
	1NT				MIN (13-15) \| 0-3 ♠ \|
		2♣			WK (6-10) \| 5+♣ \| Opener is expected to pass.
		2♦			WK (6-10) \| 4+♦ \| Opener must pass.
		2♥			WK (6-10) \| 5+♠ \| 4+♥ \| Choice of 2♥ or 2♠
			2♠		3♠ \|
		2♠			WK (6-10) \| 6+♠ \| Opener must pass
		2NT			INV (11-12) \| May have 5 ♠s.
			3♠		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠.
				3NT	4 card ♠ suit.
				4♠	5 card ♠ suit.
			3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♠ \|
		3♣			GF (13-15) \| 4+♣ \|
			3♠		3 ♠ \|
		3♦			INV (11-12) \| 5+♦
			3♠		14-15 \| 3 ♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠.
				3NT	4 card ♠ suit.
				4♠	5 card ♠ suit.
			3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♠ \|
		3♥			GF (13-15) \| 4+♥ \| 5+♠
			3♠		3 card ♠ support.
			3NT		Denies 3 ♠ or 4 ♥.
			4♥		4 card ♥ support
		3♠			INV (11-12) \| 6+♠
			3NT		14-15 \| Usually singleton ♠.
			4♠		14-15 \| 2-3 ♠ \|
		3NT			GF (13-15) \| Tends to deny 5 ♠.
		4NT			17-19 HCP \| Balanced \| Quantitative. Natural invite to 6NT. Non-forcing.
	2♣				MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4+♣ \|
		2♦			WK (6-10) \| 3+♦ \|
			2♥		MID (16-18) \| 3-4 ♥ \| Usually trying for 3NT
			2♠		MID (16-18) \| 3 ♠ \|
			2NT		MID (16-18) \| ♥ stopper \| Invites 3NT
				3NT	8-10 \| Accepting invite
		2♥			4th Suit Forcing \| 13+ \| Artificial game force
			2♠		3♠ \| any strength
			2NT		♥ stopper \| 0-2♠ \| 2-3♥
			3♣		Natural \| Extra ♣ length OR no ♥ stopper \| 0-2♠
			3♦		Natural \| Extra ♦ length OR no ♥ stopper \| 0-2♠
			3♥		4♥ \| any strength
			3♠
			3NT		♥ stopper \| 0-2♠ \| 2-3♥ \|
		2♠			WK (6-10) \| 6+♠ \|
			2NT		MID (16-18) \| ♥ stopper \| 0-2 ♠ \|
			3♠		MID (16-18) \| 2-3 ♠ \|
		2NT			INV (11-12) \| ♥ stopper \| May have 5 ♠
			3♣		12-13 \| 5♦ + 5♣ \| Rejecting invite.
			3♦		14+ \| 6♦ \| 4♣
			3♠		14+ \| 3 ♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠.
				3NT	4 card ♠ suit.
				4♠	5 card ♠ suit.
			3NT		14+ \| 0-2 ♠
		3♣			INV (11-12) \| 4+♣
			3♠		14-15 \| 3 ♠ \|
			3NT		14-15 \| ♥ stopper \| Tends to deny 3 card ♠ support.
		3♠			INV (11-12) \| 6+♠ \|
			3NT		14-15 \| ♥ stopper \| Usually singleton ♠.
			4♠		14-15 \| 2-3 ♠ \|
		3NT			GF (13-15) \| ♥ stopper \| Tends to deny 5 ♠ \|
	2♦				MIN (13-15) \| 6+♦ (rarely 5) \|
		2♥			11+ \| 4+♥
		2♠			WK (6-10) \| 6+♠ \| Opener is expected to pass.
		2NT			INV (11-12) \|
			3♣		12-13 \| 6♦ \| 4♣ \| Rejecting invite
			3♦		12-13 \| 6+♦ \| Rejecting invite
			3♠		14-15 \| 3 ♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠.
				3NT	4 card ♠ suit.
				4♠	5 card ♠ suit.
			3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♠ \| Accepting invite.
		3♣			13+ \| 4+♣ \| Technically natural but often checking for 3 card ♠ support.
			3♦		6+♦ \| 0-2 ♠ \|
			3♠		3 card ♠ support \|
			3NT		♥ stopper \| 0-2 ♠ \|
		3♦			INV (11-12) \| 3+♦ \|
			3♥		14-15 \| ♥ stopper \| Implies no ♣ stopper
			3♠		14-15 \| 3 ♠ \|
			3NT		14-15 \| Tends to deny 3 card ♠ support.
		3♠			INV (11-12) \| 6+♠ \|
			3NT		14-15 \| Usually singleton ♠.
			4♠		14-15 \| 2-3 ♠ \|
		3NT			GF (13-15) \| ♣ + ♥ stoppers \| Usually only 4 ♠ \|
	2♥				REVERSE \| 17+ \| 5+♦ and 4+♥\| ♦ longer than ♥\|
		2♠			5+♠ \| Any strength \| Does not promise another call if opener makes a minimum rebid
		2NT			ARTIFICIAL \| Only 4♠ \| 6-8 pts \| Wants to sign-off at the 3-level.
		3♣			ARTIFICIAL \| Only 4♠ \| Asks opener to make another descriptive bid (i.e. NT with a ♣ stopper)
		3♦			8+ \| 3+♦
		3♥			8+ \| 4♥
		3♠			8+ \| 6+♠
		3NT			8+ \| ♣ stopper \| Only 4♠ \| Natural, no slam interest.
		4♦			4+♦ \| Distributional, slam interest.
		4♥			4♥ \| No slam interest.
	2♠				MIN (13-15) \| 4 ♠ \|
		2NT			INV (11-12) \| Invites 3NT or 4♠.
			3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite
			3NT		14-15 \| Accepting invite, also balanced. Non-forcing.
			4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite
		3♣			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
			3♦		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♣, but has a strong ♦ holding and game interest.
			3♥		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♣, but has a strong ♥ holding and game interest.
			3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
			3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠ \| Balanced, strong ♥/♦ holdings.
			4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
		3♦			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
			3♥		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♦, but has a strong ♥ holding and game interest.
			3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
			3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠ \| Balanced, strong ♣/♥ holdings.
			4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
		3♥			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
			3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
			3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠ \| Balanced, strong ♣/♦ holdings.
			4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
		3♠			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
			3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠ \| Balanced, strong ♣/♥ holdings.
			4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
		3NT			GF (13-15) \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠ \| Balanced
		4♣			SPLINTER \| 16+ \| 0-1 ♣ \| Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♦			SPLINTER \| 16+ \| 0-1 ♦ \| Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♥			SPLINTER \| 16+ \| 0-1 ♥ \| Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♠			GF (13-15) \|
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	2NT				18-19 HCP \| Balanced \| 2-3♠ \| May have 4♥
		3♣			Often looking for 3 card ♠ support
		3♦			5-6 \| 5+♦
		3♥			7+ \| 4-5♥ \| 5♠
		3♠			6+♠
		3NT			7+ \| Balanced \| No slam interest
	3♣				MAX (19-21) \| Strong Jump Shift.
	3♦				MID (16-18) \| 6+♦ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
		3♥			8+ \| ♥ values \| Usually looking for best game (3NT/4♠/5♦)
		3♠			8+ \| 5+♠
		3NT			8+ \| ♣/♥ stoppers \|
	3♥				SPLINTER \| 14+ hcp \| 4♠ \| 0-1♥ \| Forcing to 3♠.
		3♠			Minimum \| Suggests wasted values in ♥.
		3NT			Usually 10-12. Strong ♥ holding, notrump-oriented values.
		4♣			11+ \| Control showing cuebid \| Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♦			11+ \| Control showing cuebid \| Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♠			No slam interest
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	3♠				MID (16-18)
		4♣			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♦			Control showing cuebid. Denies ♣ control. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♥			Control showing cuebid. Denies ♣ or ♦ control. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♠			8-12 \| No slam interest
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	3NT				~16-17 hcp \| 6+ solid ♦ \|
	4♣				SPLINTER \| 19+ \| 4 ♠ \| 0-1 ♣ \| Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♦			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♥			Control showing cuebid. Denies ♦ control. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♠			Minimum hand, suggests wasted values in ♣. No slam interest.
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	4♦				4♠ \| 6+ strong ♦ \|
		4♥			Control showing cuebid. Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♠			Minimum hand. No slam interest.
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	4♥				SPLINTER \| 19+ \| 4 ♠ \| 0-1 ♥ \| Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
		4♠			Minimum hand, suggests wasted values in ♥. No slam interest.
		4NT			Blackwood (♠)
	4♠				MAX (19-21) \| 4♠ \|
	4NT				Blackwood (♠)

1NT			WK (6-10) \| No 4 card major \|
	2♣		MIN (13-15) or MED (16-18) \| 4+♣ \|
		2♦	WK (6-10) \| 3+♦ \|
		3♣	8-10(+) \| 4+♣ (usually 5) \| 2♣ bid improved hand
	2♦		MIN (13-15) \| 6+♦ (rarely 5) \| Responder must pass.
	2♥		REVERSE \| 17+ \| 5+♦ and 4+♥\| ♦ longer than ♥\|
		2♠	8-10 \| ♠ values
		2NT	6-8 \| Natural, non-forcing
		3♣	8-10 \| ♣ values
		3♦	6-8 \| 3+♦
		3NT	8-10 \| ♣+♠ stoppers
	2♠		REVERSE \| 17+ \| 5+♦ and 4+♠\| ♦ longer than ♠\|
		2NT	6-8 \| Natural, non-forcing
		3♣	8-10 \| ♣ values
		3♦	6-8 \| 3+♦
		3♥	8-10 \| ♥ values
		3NT	8-10 \| ♣+♥ stoppers
	2NT		MID (16-18) \| May have a 4 card major
		3NT	8-10 \|
	3♣		MAX (19-21) \| 4+♣ \| Strong Jump Shift.
	3♦		MID (16-18) \| 6+♦
	3NT

2♣		11+. [Avoid this bid if possible]
	2♦	Catch-all rebid.
	2♥	14+
	2♠	14+
	2NT	14+
	3♣	14+
	3♥	Splinter Raise. 16+, 5+ card ♣ support.
	3♠	Splinter Raise. 16+, 5+ card ♣ support.
	3NT

2♦		WK (6-10) \| 4+♦ \|
	2♥	16+ \| ♥ values \| Usually a try for NT.
	2♠	16+ \| ♠ values \| Usually a try for NT.
	2NT	16+ \| ♥+♠ stoppers \|
	3♦	MED (16-18) \| 5+♦ \|
	3♥	SPLINTER \| MAX (19-21) \| 5+♦ \| 0-1 ♥ \| Slam interest.
	3♠	SPLINTER \| MAX (19-21) \| 5+♦ \| 0-1 ♠ \| Slam interest.
	3NT

2♥

17+ | Strong Jump Shift.

2♠

17+ | Strong Jump Shift.

2NT		INV (11-12) \| No 4 card major \|
	3♦	12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
	3NT	14+ \| Accepting invite. No slam interest.

3♣

17+ | Strong Jump Shift | No 4 card major

3♦		INV (11-12) \| 5+♦ \| No 4 card major
	3♥	14+ \| ♥ values \| Usually a try for 3NT.
	3♠	14+ \| ♠ values \| Usually a try for 3NT.
	3NT	14+ \| Stoppers, no slam interest.

	3♥									SPLINTER \| 11+ hcp \| 6+♦ \| 0-1♥ \| No 4 card major
		3NT								Balanced minimum with strong ♥ holding. No slam interest.

	3♠									SPLINTER \| 11+ hcp \| 6+♦ \| 0-1♠ \| No 4 card major
		3NT								Balanced minimum with strong ♠ holding. No slam interest.

3NT

GF (13-15) | Balanced | No 4 card major

After bidding 1♥
	1♠					6+ \| 4+♠ \| If 6-10, 0-2 ♥
		1NT				MIN (13-15) \| 5 ♥ \| 0-3 ♠
			2♣			WK (6-10) \| 4 ♠ \| 5+♣ \| Opener must pass.
			2♦			WK (6-10) \| 4 ♠ \| 5+♦ \| Opener must pass.
			2♥			INV (11-12) \| 3 ♥
			2♠			WK (6-10) \| 6+♠ \| Opener must pass.
			2NT			INV (11-12) \| May have 5 ♠
				3♠		14-15 \| 3 ♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
				3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♠
			3♣			GF (13-15) or better \| 5+♠ \| 4+♣ (rarely 3)
				3♥		0-2 ♠ \| no ♦ stopper
					3♠	Either a) 6 ♠ or b) 5 strong ♠ without ♦ stop
					3NT	♦ stopper
				3♠		3 ♠ \|
				3NT		0-2 ♠ \| ♦ stopper
			3♦			GF (13-15) or better \| 5+♠ \| 4+♦ (rarely 3)
				3♥		0-2 ♠ \| no ♣ stopper
					3♠	Either a) 6 ♠ or b) 5 strong ♠ without ♣ stop
					3NT	♣ stopper
				3♠		3 ♠ \|
				3NT		0-2 ♠ \| ♣ stopper
			3♥			GF (13-15) or better \| 3-4 ♥ \| [Bid 2♥ to invite]
			3♠			INV (11-12) \| 6+♠ \| 0-2 ♥ \|
				3NT		14-15 \| Usually singleton ♠.
				4♠		14-15 \| 2-3 ♠ \|
			3NT			GF (13-15) \| Tends to deny 5 ♠
			4♥			GF (13-15) \| 3-4 ♥ \|
			4NT			17-19 HCP \| Quantitative, natural invite to 6NT. Non-forcing.
		2♣				MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4+♣ \|
			2♦			4th Suit Forcing \| 13+ \| Artificial game force
				2♥		Natural \| Extra ♥ length OR no ♦ stopper \| 0-2♠
				2♠		3♠ \| any strength
				2NT		♦ stopper \| 0-2♠
				3♣		Natural \| Extra ♣ length OR no ♦ stopper \| 0-2♠
				3♥		6+ solid ♥ \| 0-2♠ \| 14+
				3♠
				3NT		♦ stopper \| 0-2♠
			2♥			WK (6-10) \| 2 ♥ \|
				2♠		MID (16-18) \| 3 ♠ \|
					3NT	8-10 \| ♦ stopper
					4♠	8-10
				2NT		MID (16-18) \| ♦ stopper \| 0-2 ♠ \|
					3NT	8-10
			2♠			WK (6-10) \| 6+♠
				2NT		MID (16-18)\| ♦ stopper
				3♠		MID (16-18) \| 2-3 ♠ \|
			2NT			INV (11-12) \| May have 5 ♠
				3♣		12-13 \| 5+♣ \| Rejecting invite
				3♠		14+ \| 3 ♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠.
					3NT	4 card ♠ suit.
					4♠	5 card ♠ suit.
				3NT		14+ \| 0-2 ♠ \| Accepting invite.
			3♣			INV (11-12) \| 4+♣
				3♥		14+ \| 6♥ + 4♣ \|
				3♠		14+ \| 3♠ \| Choice of games
				3NT		14+ \| ♦ stopper \| Usually no 3♠ \|
			3♠			INV (11-12) \| 6+♠
				3NT		14+ \| ♦ stopper \| Usually singleton ♠
				4♠		14-15 \| 2-3 ♠ \|
			3NT			GF (13-15) \| ♦ stopper \|
		2♦				MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4+♦
			2♥			WK (6-10) \| 2♥ \|
				2♠		MID (16-18) \| 3♠ \|
				2NT		MID (16-18) \| ♣ stopper \| 0-2 ♠ \|
					3NT	8-10
			2♠			WK (6-10) \| 6+♠ \|
				2NT		MID (16-18) \| ♦ stopper \| Usually singleton ♠ \|
				3♥		MID (16-18) \| 6♥ + 4♦ \|
				3♠		MID (16-18) \| 2-3 ♠ \|
			2NT			INV (11-12) \| May have 5 ♠
				3♦		12-13 \| 5+♦ \| Rejecting invite.
				3♠		14+ \| 3♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠.
					3NT	4 card ♠ suit.
					4♠	5 card ♠ suit.
				3NT		14+ \| 0-2 ♠ \|
			3♣			4th Suit Forcing \| 13+ \| Artificial game force
				3♦		Natural \| Extra ♦ length OR no ♣ stopper \| 0-2♠
				3♥		Natural \| Extra ♥ length OR no ♥ stopper \| 0-2♠
				3♠		3♠ \| any strength
				3NT		♣ stopper \| 0-2♠
			3♦			INV (11-12) \| 4+♦ \|
				3♥		14+ \| 6♥ + 4♦ (might be only 5 if no ♣ stop)
				3♠		14+ \| 3♠ \| Choice of games.
				3NT		14+ \| ♣ stopper \| No slam interest.
			3♥			INV (11-12) \| 3-4 ♥ \|
				3♠		Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
				4♣		Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
				4♦		Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
				4♥		14+ \| No slam interest.
				4NT		Blackwood (♥)
			3♠			INV (11-12) \| 6+♠ \|
				3NT		14+ \| ♣ stopper \| Usually singleton ♠.
				4♠		14-15 \| 2-3 ♠ \|
			3NT			GF (13-15) \| ♣ stopper \|
		2♥				MIN (13-15) \| 6+♥ \|
			2♠			WK (6-10) \| 6+♠ \| Opener is expected to pass.
			2NT			INV (11-12) \| 0-1 ♥ \| ♣+♦ stoppers
				3♣		12-13 \| 6♥ + 4♣ \| Rejecting invite.
				3♦		12-13 \| 6♥ + 4♦ \| Rejecting invite.
				3♠		14-15 \| 3♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠.
					3NT	4 card ♠ suit.
					4♠	5 card ♠ suit.
				3NT		14-15 \| 0-2 ♠ \| Accepting invite.
			3♣			13+ \| Often checking for 3 card ♠ support.
				3♦		4♦ \| 0-2 ♠\|
				3♥		6+♥ \| 0-2 ♠\|
				3♠		3♠ \|
				3NT		♦ stopper \| 0-2 ♠\|
			3♦			13+ \| Often checking for 3 card ♠ support.
				3♥		0-2♠ \|
				3♠		3♠ \|
				3NT		♦ stopper \| Tends to deny 3♠\|
			3♥			INV (11-12) \| 2♥ \| (can be 3♥ with a bad 11)
			3♠			INV (11-12) \| 6+♠ \| Usually 0-1♥\|
				3NT		14-15 \| 0-1 ♠\|
				4♠		14-15 \| 2-3 ♠\|
			3NT			GF (13-15) \| ♣+♦ stoppers \|
			4♣			SPLINTER \| 11+ hcp \| 3♥ \| 0-1 ♣ \| Slam interest
			4♦			SPLINTER \| 11+ hcp \| 3♥ \| 0-1 ♦ \| Slam interest
			4♥			GF (13-15) with 2♥ -or- INV (11-12)+ with 3♥
		2♠				MIN (13-15) \| 4♠\|
			2NT			INV (11-12) \| Invites game in 3NT or 4♠. Non-forcing.
				3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite
				3NT		14-15 \| Accepting invite, balanced hand
				4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite
			3♣			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
				3♦		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♣, but has a strong ♦ holding and game interest.
				3♥		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♣, but has a strong ♥ holding and game interest.
				3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
				3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠. Strong ♥/♦ holdings.
				4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
			3♦			INV (11-12) \| Game try bid.
				3♥		Counter-try. Can�t accept game try in ♦, but has a strong ♥ holding and game interest.
				3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
				3NT		14-15 \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠. Strong ♥/♣ holdings.
				4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
			3♥			INV (11-12) \| Invites 4♥ or 4♠ \|
				3♠		12-13 \| Rejecting invite.
				4♥		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
				4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
			3♠			INV (11-12)
				4♠		14-15 \| Accepting invite.
			3NT			GF (13-15) \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠. Balanced hand, strong ♣/♦ holdings.
			4♣			SPLINTER \| 16+ \| 0-1 ♣ \| Later non-♠ suit bids
			4♦			SPLINTER \| 16+ \| 0-1 ♦ \| Later non-♠ suit bids
			4♥			GF (13-15) \| Choice of 4♥ or 4♠
			4♠			GF (13-15)
			4NT			Blackwood (♠)
		2NT				18-19 HCP \| Balanced \| 2-3♠
			3♣			7+ \| 3+C \| Often looking for 3 card ♠ support
			3♦			7+ \| 3+♦ \| Often looking for 3 card ♠ support
			3♥			11+ \| 3-4♥ \| Slam interest
			3♠			6+♠
			3NT			7+ \| Balanced \| No slam interest
		3♣				MAX (19-21) \| Strong Jump Shift.
		3♦				MAX (19-21) \| Strong Jump Shift.
		3♥				MID (16-18) \| 6+♥ \| 0-3 ♠ \|
			3♠			8+ \| 5+♠
			3NT			8+ \| ♣+♦ stoppers \| Usually 0-1 ♥ \|
			4♣			8+ \| 4+♣
			4♦			8+ \| 4+♦
			4♥			8+ \| 2♥ \| No slam interest.
			4NT			Blackwood (♥)
		3♠				MID (16-18) \| 4♠ \|
			3NT			8+ \| Choice of 3N or 4♠
			4♣			Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
			4♦			Control showing cuebid. Denies ♣ control. Later non-♠ suit bids
			4♥			Control showing cuebid. Denies ♣ or ♦ control. Later non-♠ suit bids
			4♠			8+ \| No slam interest
			4NT			Blackwood (♠)
		3NT
		4♣				SPLINTER \| 19+ \| 4 ♠ \| 0-1 ♣ \| Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
			4♦			Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
			4♥			Control showing cuebid. Denies ♦ control. Later non-♠ suit bids
			4♠			Minimum hand, suggests wasted values in ♣. No slam interest.
			4NT			Blackwood (♠)
		4♦				SPLINTER \| 19+ \| 4 ♠ \| 0-1 ♦ \| Subsequent non-♠ suit bids
			4♥			Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
			4♠			Minimum hand, suggests wasted values in ♦. No slam interest.
			4NT			Blackwood (♠)
		4♥
			4NT			Blackwood (♥)
		4♠				MAX (19-21) \| 4♠ \|
		4NT				Blackwood (♠)

1NT					WK (6-10) \| 0-2 ♥ \| 0-3 ♠ \| May be unbalanced
	2♣				MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4+♣ \|
		2♦			WK (6-10) \| 5+♦ \| 0-2 ♥ \|
		2♥			WK (6-10) \| 2 ♥ \|
			2♠		MID (16-18) \| ♠ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
			2NT		MID (16-18) \|
				3NT	8-10
			3♦		MID (16-18) \| ♦ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
		3♣			8-10 \| 4+♣ \|
			3♦		14+ \| ♦ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
			3♥		14+ \| 6♥ + 4♣ \|
			3♠		14+ \| ♠ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
			3NT		14+ \|
	2♦				MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4+♦ \|
		2♥			WK (6-10) \| 2 ♥ \|
			2NT		MID (16-18) \|
				3NT	8-10
			3♣		MID (16-18) \| ♣ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
		3♦			8-10 \| 4+♦ \|
			3♥		14+ \| 6♥ + 4♦ \|
			3♠		14+ \| ♠ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
			3NT		14+ \|
	2♥				MIN (13-15) \| 6+♥ \|
	2♠				REVERSE \| 17+ \| 5+♥ and 4+♠ \| ♥ longer than ♠\|
		2NT			6-8 \| Natural, non-forcing
		3♣			8-10 \| ♣ values
		3♦			8-10 \| ♦ values
		3♥			6-8 \| 2♥
		3♠			6-8 \| 3♠
	3♥				MID (16-18) \| 6+♥
		3NT			8-10 \| 0-1♥\|
		4♥			8-10 \| 2♥ \|
	4♥

2♣				11+ \| 4+♣
	2♦			Any strength \| 4+♦ \|
		2♥		INV (11-12) \| 3-4 ♥ \| Non-forcing
			2♠	14-15* \| Game try bid. *or slam interest
			2NT	Non-forcing.
			3♣	14-15* \| Game try bid. *or slam interest
			3♦	14-15* \| Game try bid. *or slam interest
			3♥	Invites 4♥
			3♠	SPLINTER \| 0-1♠ \| Slam interest
			3NT	Choice of 3NT or 4♥
			4♣	SPLINTER \| 0-1♣ \| Slam interest
			4♦	SPLINTER \| 0-1♠ \| Slam interest
			4♥	14+ \| Accepting invite. No slam interest.
		2♠		13+ \| ♠ values \| Natural, game forcing
			2NT
			3♣	3+♣ \| any strength
			3♦	5+♦ \| any strength
			3♥	6♥ \| 4♦ \|
			3♠	4 ♠ \|
			3NT
		2NT		INV (11-12) \| Non-forcing
			3♣	4♣ \|
			3♦	5♦ \|
			3♥	6♥ \| 4♦ \|
			3NT	14+ \| No slam interest
			4♥	6♥ \| 4♦ \|
			4NT	Quantitative 4N \| Natural, invites 6NT
		3♣		INV (11-12) \| 6+♣ \| Non forcing
			3♦
			3♥	14+ \| 6♥ \| 5♦ \|
			3♠	Looking for a ♠ stopper -or- slam interest in ♣
			3NT	14+ \| ♠ stopper
			4♣	3+♣ \| Slam interest
			4♥	6+ solid ♥ \|
		3♦		INV (11-12) \| 4+♦ \| Non forcing
			3♥	6♥ \| 4♦ \|
			3♠	Looking for a ♠ stopper -or- slam interest in ♦
			3NT
			4♦	Invites 5♦
			4♥	6 solid ♥ \| Choice of 4♥ or 5♦
			4NT	Blackwood (♦)
			5♦
		3♥		13+ \| 3-4 ♥ \|
			3♠	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
			3NT	No ♠ control. Asks partner to cuebid.
			4♣	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
			4♦	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
			4♥	Minimum, unwilling to cuebid for slam.
			4NT	Blackwood (♥)
		3♠		SPLINTER \| 13+ \| 4+♦ \| 0-1 ♠ \|
			3NT	Minimum, wasted values in ♠
			4♣	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♦ suit bids
			4♦	No ♣ control, slam interest.
			4♥	6+♥ \| Choice of 4♥ or 5♦. No slam interest.
			4NT	Blackwood (♦)
			5♦	No slam interest
		3NT		GF (13-15) \| ♠ stopper \| Balanced
		4♥		13+ \| 3-4 ♥ \| No slam interest
	2♥			Any strength \| 5+♥ \| Does not promise six hearts
		2♠		13+ \| 3-4 ♠ \| Natural, game forcing
		2NT		INV (11-12) \| 0-2 ♥ \| Non-forcing
		3♣		INV (11-12) \| 6+♣ (rarely 5) \| Non-forcing
		3♦		13+ \| 4+♦ \| game forcing
		3♥		INV (11-12) \| 3♥ \| Non-forcing
		3♠		SPLINTER \| 3♥ \| 0-1 ♠ \|
		3NT		GF (13-15) \| Balanced with stoppers
		4♦		SPLINTER \| 3♥ \| 0-1 ♦ \|
		4♥		GF (13-15) \| 3♥ \|
		4NT		Blackwood (♥)
	2♠			14+ \| 4♠ \| Game forcing
		2NT		0-3 ♠ \| 0-2 ♥ \| ♦ stopper \| Natural, balanced
		3♣		5+♣ \| 0-3 ♠ \| 0-2 ♥ \|
		3♦		4♦ \| any strength
		3♥		3♥ \| any strength
		3♠		GF (13-15) \| 4♠ \|
		3NT		0-3 ♠ \| 0-2 ♥ \| ♦ stopper \| No slam interest
		4♥		3♥ \|
	2NT			14+ \| Balanced \| Game forcing
		3♣		5+♣ \| any strength
		3♦		4+♦ \| any strength
		3♥		3-4 ♥ \| any strength
		3NT		No slam interest
		4♥		3♥ \| No slam interest
		4NT		Quantitative 4NT \| Natural, balanced. Invites 6NT.
	3♣			4+♣ \| Preferably a good 13+
		3♦		♦ values \| Usually looking for 3NT. (May be a cuebid for slam)
		3♥		INV (11-12) \| 3♥ \| Non-forcing
		3♠		♠ values \| Usually looking for 3NT. (May be a cuebid for slam)
		3NT
		4♣		INV (11-12) \| Distributional, no interest in 3NT.
		4♥		GF (13-15) \| 3-4♥ \| No slam interest.
		4NT		Blackwood (♣)
		5♣
	3♦			SPLINTER \| 4+♣ \| 0-1 ♦ \|
	3♥			14+ \| 6+ solid ♥ \| Sets ♥ as trump \| Slam interest
		3♠		Control showing cuebid
		4♣		Control showing cuebid
		4♦		Control showing cuebid
	3♠			SPLINTER \| 4+♣ \| 0-1 ♠ \|
	3NT
	4♣			Invites 5♣ \| Distributional, no interest in 3NT
	4NT			Blackwood (♣)

2♦			11+ \| 4+♣
	2♥		Any strength \| 5+♥ \| Does not promise six hearts
		2♠	13+ \| 3-4 ♠ \| Natural, game forcing
		2NT	INV (11-12) \| 0-2 ♥ \| Non-forcing
		3♣	13+ \| 4+♦ \| game forcing
		3♦	INV (11-12) \| 6+♦ (rarely 5) \| Non-forcing
		3♥	INV (11-12) \| 3♥ \| Non-forcing
		3♠	SPLINTER \| 3♥ \| 0-1 ♠ \|
		3NT	GF (13-15) \| Balanced with stoppers
		4♣	SPLINTER \| 3♥ \| 0-1 ♣ \|
		4♥	GF (13-15) \| 3♥ \|
		4NT	Blackwood (♥)
	2♠		14+ \| 4♠ \| Game forcing
		2NT	0-3 ♠ \| 0-2 ♥ \| ♣ stopper \| Natural, balanced
		3♣	4+♣ \| any strength
		3♦	5+♦ \| 0-3 ♠ \| 0-2 ♥ \|
		3♥	3♥ \| any strength
		3♠	GF (13-15) \| 4♠ \|
		3NT	0-3 ♠ \| 0-2 ♥ \| ♣ stopper \| No slam interest
		4♥	3 strong ♥ \| no side suit controls
	2NT		14+ \| Balanced \| Game forcing
		3♣	5+♣ \| any strength
		3♦	5+♦ \| any strength
		3♥	3-4 ♥ \| any strength
		3NT	No slam interest
		4♥	3♥ \| No slam interest
		4NT	Quantitative 4NT \| Natural, balanced. Invites 6NT.
	3♣		4+♣ \| 14+ \| Game forcing
		3♦	5+♦ \| 0-2♥ \| any strength
		3♥	3+♥ \| any strength
		3♠	Natural, ♠ values or a cuebid for ♣
		3NT	♠ stopper \| minimum hand
		4♣	4+♣ \| No interest in 3NT (distributional or slam oriented)
		4♥	3 strong ♥ \| no side suit controls
		4NT	Blackwood (♣)
		5♣	No slam interest
	3♦		4+♦ \| Preferably a good 13+
		3♥	INV (11-12) \| 3♥ \| Non-forcing
		3♠	♠ values \| Usually looking for 3NT. (May be a cuebid for slam)
		3NT
		4♣	Control showing cuebid
		4♦	INV (11-12) \| Distributional, no interest in 3NT.
		4♥	GF (13-15) \| 3-4♥ \| No slam interest.
		4NT	Blackwood (♦)
		5♦
	3♥		14+ \| 6+ solid ♥ \| Sets ♥ as trump \| Slam interest
		3♠	Control showing cuebid
		4♣	Control showing cuebid
		4♦	Control showing cuebid
	3♠		SPLINTER \| 4+♦ \| 0-1 ♠ \|
	3NT
	4♦		Invites 5♦ \| Distributional, no interest in 3NT
	4NT		Blackwood (♣)

2♥			WK (6-10) \| 3-4♥ \|
	2♠		16+ \| Game try bid.
		2NT	6-8 \| Balanced \| ♣+♦ values \| Choice of 2NT or 3♥.
		3♣	Counter-try. Strong ♣ holding and game interest.
		3♦	Counter-try. Strong ♦ holding and game interest.
		3♥	6-8 \| Rejecting invite.
		3♠	8-10 \| 4+♠ \| Choice of 4♥ or 4♠
		3NT	8-10 \| Balanced \| Strong ♣+♦ holdings \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
		4♥	8-10 \| Accepting invite.
	2NT		Balanced. Invites game in 3NT or 4♥. Non forcing.
	3♣		16+ \| Game try bid.
		3♦	Counter-try. Strong ♦ holding and game interest.
		3♥	6-8 \| Rejecting invite.
		3NT	8-10 \| Balanced \| Strong ♦+♠ holdings \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
		4♣	8-10 \| 4+ good ♣ \| Accepting invite
		4♥	8-10 \| Accepting invite.
	3♦		16+ \| Game try bid.
		3♥	6-8 \| Rejecting invite.
		3NT	8-10 \| Balanced \| Strong ♣+♠ holdings \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
		4♦	8-10 \| 4+ good ♦ \| Accepting invite
		4♥	8-10 \| Accepting invite.
	3♥		MID (16-18) \| Invites 4♥ \| Non forcing
		4♥	8-10 \| Accepting invite.
	3♠		SPLINTER \| 17+ hcp \| 6+♥ \| 0-1 ♠ \|
	3NT
	4♣		SPLINTER \| 17+ hcp \| 6+♥ \| 0-1 ♣ \|
	4♦		SPLINTER \| 17+ hcp \| 6+♥ \| 0-1 ♦ \|
	4♥		To play. Based on strength or distribution.
	4NT		Blackwood (♥)

2♠

17+ | Strong Jump Shift.

2NT			JACOBY 2NT \| 13+ \| 4+♥ \| Artificial game force.
	3♣		0-1♣ \| any strength
		3♦	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
		3♥	No ♦ control \| Asks partner to cuebid.
		3♠	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
		4♥	Minimum game force \| No slam interest
		4NT	Blackwood (♥)
	3♦		0-1♦ \| any strength
		3♥	Asks partner to cuebid.
		3♠	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
		4♣	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
		4♥	Minimum game force \| No slam interest
		4NT	Blackwood (♥)
	3♥		18+ hcp \| No singleton or void
	3♠		0-1♠ \| any strength
		3NT	08Asks partner to cuebid.
		4♣	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
		4♦	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
		4♥	Minimum game force \| No slam interest
		4NT	Blackwood (♥)
	3NT		15-17 hcp \| No singleton or void
	4♣		5+♣ \| 2 of top 3 honors \| any strength
	4♦		5+♦ \| 2 of top 3 honors \| any strength
	4♥		12-14 hcp \| No singleton or void
	4NT		Blackwood (♥)

3♣

17+ | Strong Jump Shift.

3♦

17+ | Strong Jump Shift.

3♥		INV (11-12) \| 3+♥ (usually 4) \|
	3♠	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
	4♣	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
	4♦	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
	4♥	14+ \| No slam interest.
	4NT	Blackwood (♥)

3♠		SPLINTER \| 9-12 hcp \| 4+♥ \| 0-1 ♠ \|
	4♣	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
	4♦	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
	4♥	No slam interest.
	4NT	Blackwood (♥)

4♣		SPLINTER \| 9-12 hcp \| 4+♥ \| 0-1 ♣ \|
	4♦	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
	4♥	No slam interest.
	4♠	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
	4NT	Blackwood (♥)

4♦		SPLINTER \| 9-12 hcp \| 4+♥ \| 0-1 ♦ \|
	4♥	No slam interest.
	4♠	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♥ suit bids
	4NT	Blackwood (♥)

4♥

5+♥ | Usually less than 8 hcp | Singleton or void |

4NT

Blackwood

After bidding 1♠
	1NT					WK (6-10) \| 0-2 ♠ \| May be unbalanced
		2♣				MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4+♣ \|
			2♦			WK (6-10) \| 5+♦ \| 0-2 ♠ \|
			2♥			WK (6-10) \| 5+♥ \| 0-2 ♠ \|
			2♠			WK (6-10) \| 2 ♠ \|
				2NT		MID (16-18) \| Non forcing
					3NT	8-10
				3♣		MID (16-18) \| 5+♣ \| Non forcing
				3♦		MID (16-18) \| ♦ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
				3♥		MID (16-18) \| ♥ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
			3♣			8-10 \| 4+♣ \|
				3♦		14+ \| ♦ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
				3♥		14+ \| ♥ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
				3♠		14+ \| 6♠ + 4♣ \|
				3NT		14+ \|
		2♦				MIN (13-15) or MID (16-18) \| 4+♦ \|
			2♥			WK (6-10) \| 5+♥ \| 0-2 ♠ \|
			2♠			WK (6-10) \| 2 ♠ \|
				2NT		MID (16-18) \|
					3NT	8-10
				3♣		MID (16-18) \| ♣ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
			3♦			8-10 \| 4+♦ \|
				3♥		14+ \| ♥ values \| Usually looking for 3NT
				3♠		14+ \| 6♠ + 4♦ \|
				3NT		14+ \|
		2♠				MIN (13-15) \| 6+♠ \|
		3♠				MID (16-18) \| 6+♠
			3NT			8-10 \| 0-1♠\|
			4♠			8-10 \| 2♠ \|
		4♠

2♣				11+ \| 4+♣
	2♦			Any strength \| 4+♦ \|
		2♥		13+ \| ♥ values \| Natural, game forcing
			2NT
			3♣	3+♣ \| any strength
			3♦	5+♦ \| any strength
			3♥	3♥ \| 5-3-4-1 shape
			3♠	6♠ \| 4♦ \|
			3NT
		2♠		INV (11-12) \| 3-4 ♠ \| Non-forcing
			2NT	Non-forcing.
			3♣	14+ \| Game or slam try
			3♦	14+ \| Game or slam try
			3♥	14+ \| Game or slam try
			3♠	Invites 4♠
			3NT	Choice of 3NT or 4♠
			4♣	SPLINTER \| 0-1♣ \| Slam interest
			4♦	SPLINTER \| 0-1♦ \| Slam interest
			4♥	SPLINTER \| 0-1♥ \| Slam interest
			4♠	14+ \| Accepting invite. No slam interest.
		2NT		INV (11-12) \| Non-forcing
			3♣	4♣ \|
			3♦	5♦ \|
			3♠	6♠ \| 4♦ \|
			3NT	14+ \| No slam interest
			4♠	6♠ \| 4♦ \|
			4NT	Quantitative 4N \| Natural, invites 6NT
		3♣		INV (11-12) \| 6+♣ \| Non forcing
			3♥	Looking for a ♥ stopper -or- slam interest in ♣
			3♠	14+ \| 6♠ \| 4+♦ \|
			3NT	14+ \| ♥ stopper
			4♣	3+♣ \| Slam interest
			4♠	6+ solid ♠ \|
		3♦		INV (11-12) \| 4+♦ \| Non forcing
			3♥	Looking for a ♥ stopper -or- slam interest in ♦
			3♠	6♠ \| 4♦ \|
			3NT
			4♦	Invites 5♦
			4♠	6 solid ♠ \| Choice of 4♠ or 5♦
			4NT	Blackwood (♦)
			5♦
		3♥		SPLINTER \| 13+ \| 4+♦ \| 0-1 ♥ \|
			3♠	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♦ suit bids
			3NT	Minimum, wasted values in ♥
			4♣	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♦ suit bids
			4♦	No ♣ or ♠ control, slam interest.
			4♠	6+♠ \| Choice of 4♠ or 5♦. No slam interest.
			4NT	Blackwood (♦)
			5♦	No slam interest
		3♠		13+ \| 3-4 ♠ \|
			3NT	Asks partner to cuebid.
			4♣	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
			4♦	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
			4♥	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
			4♠	Minimum, unwilling to cuebid for slam.
			4NT	Blackwood (♠)
		3NT		GF (13-15) \| ♥ stopper \| Balanced
		4♠		13+ \| 3-4 ♠ \| No slam interest
	2♥			4+♥ \| any strength
		2♠		INV (11-12) \| 3+♠ \| Non-forcing
		2NT		0-3 ♥ \| 0-2 ♠ \| ♦ stopper \| Natural, balanced \| Non-forcing
		3♣		6+♣ \| Non-forcing
		3♦
		3♥		4♥ \| Non-forcing
		3♠		13+ \| 3+♠ \|
		3NT		0-3 ♥ \| 0-2 ♠ \| ♦ stopper \| No slam interest
		4♥		GF (13-15) \| 4♥ \|
		4♠		3♠ \|
	2♠			Any strength \| 5+♠ \| Does not promise six spades
		2NT		INV (11-12) \| 0-2 ♠ \| Non-forcing
		3♣		INV (11-12) \| 6+♣ (rarely 5) \| Non-forcing
		3♦		13+ \| 4+♦ \| game forcing
		3♠		INV (11-12) \| 3♠ \| Non-forcing
		3NT		GF (13-15) \| Balanced with stoppers
		4♦		SPLINTER \| 3♠ \| 0-1 ♦ \|
		4♥		SPLINTER \| 3♠ \| 0-1 ♥ \|
		4♠		GF (13-15) \| 3♠ \|
		4NT		Blackwood (♠)
	2NT			14+ \| Balanced \| Game forcing
		3♣		5+♣ \| any strength
		3♦		4+♦ \| any strength
		3♠		3-4 ♠ \| any strength
		3NT		No slam interest
		4♠		3♠ \| No slam interest
		4NT		Quantitative 4NT \| Natural, balanced. Invites 6NT.
	3♣			4+♣ \| Preferably a good 13+
		3♦		♦ values \| Usually looking for 3NT. (May be a cuebid for slam)
		3♠		♠ values \| Usually looking for 3NT. (May be a cuebid for slam)
		3NT
		4♣		INV (11-12) \| Distributional, no interest in 3NT.
		4♠		GF (13-15) \| 3-4♠ \| No slam interest.
		4NT		Blackwood (♣)
		5♣
	3♦			SPLINTER \| 4+♣ \| 0-1 ♦ \|
	3♥			SPLINTER \| 4+♣ \| 0-1 ♥ \|
	3♠			14+ \| 6+ solid ♠ \| Sets ♠ as trump \| Slam interest
		4♣		Control showing cuebid
		4♦		Control showing cuebid
		4♥		Control showing cuebid
	3NT
	4♣			Invites 5♣ \| Distributional, no interest in 3NT
	4NT			Blackwood (♣)

2♦			11+ \| 4+♦
	2♥		4+♥ \| any strength
		2♠	INV (11-12) \| 3+♠ \| Non-forcing
		2NT	0-3 ♥ \| 0-2 ♠ \| ♣ stopper \| Natural, balanced \| Non-forcing
		3♣
		3♦	6+♦ \| Non-forcing
		3♥	4♥ \| Non-forcing
		3♠	13+ \| 3+♠ \|
		3NT	0-3 ♥ \| 0-2 ♠ \| ♣ stopper \| No slam interest
		4♥	GF (13-15) \| 4♥ \|
		4♠	GF (13-15) \| 3+♠ \| No slam interest
	2♠		Any strength \| 5+♠ \| Does not promise six spades
		2♠	13+ \| 3-4 ♠ \| Natural, game forcing
		2NT	INV (11-12) \| 0-2 ♠ \| Non-forcing
		3♣	13+ \| 4+♣ \| game forcing
		3♦	INV (11-12) \| 6+♦ (rarely 5) \| Non-forcing
		3♠	INV (11-12) \| 3♠ \| Non-forcing
		3NT	GF (13-15) \| Balanced with stoppers
		4♣	SPLINTER \| 3♠ \| 0-1 ♣ \|
		4♥	SPLINTER \| 3♠ \| 0-1 ♥ \|
		4♠	GF (13-15) \| 3♠ \|
		4NT	Blackwood (♠)
	2NT		14+ \| Balanced \| Game forcing
		3♣	4+♣ \| any strength
		3♦	5+♦ \| any strength
		3♠	3-4 ♠ \| any strength
		3NT	No slam interest
		4♠	3♠ \| No slam interest
		4NT	Quantitative 4NT \| Natural, balanced. Invites 6NT.
	3♣		4+♣ \| 14+ \| Game forcing
		3♦	5+♦ \| 0-2♠ \| any strength
		3♥	Natural, ♥ values or a cuebid for ♣
		3♠	3+♠ \| any strength
		3NT	♥ stopper \| minimum hand
		4♣	4+♣ \| No interest in 3NT (distributional or slam oriented)
		4♠	3 strong ♠\| no side suit controls
		4NT	Blackwood (♣)
		5♣	No slam interest
	3♦		4+♦ \| Preferably a good 13+
		3♥	♥ values \| Usually looking for 3NT. (May be a cuebid for slam)
		3♠	INV (11-12) \| 3♠ \| Non-forcing
		3NT
		4♣	Control showing cuebid
		4♦	INV (11-12) \| Distributional, no interest in 3NT.
		4♠	GF (13-15) \| 3-4♠ \| No slam interest.
		4NT	Blackwood (♦)
		5♦
	3♠		14+ \| 6+ solid ♠ \| Sets ♠ as trump \| Slam interest
		3♠	Control showing cuebid
		4♣	Control showing cuebid
		4♦	Control showing cuebid
	3NT
	4♦		Invites 5♦ \| Distributional, no interest in 3NT
	4NT		Blackwood (♦)

2♥			11+ \| 5+♥
	2♠		Any strength \| 5+♠ \| Does not promise six spades
		2NT	INV (11-12) \| 0-2 ♠ \| Non-forcing
		3♣	13+ \| 4+♣ \| game forcing
		3♥	INV (11-12) \| 6+♥ \| Non-forcing
		3♠	INV (11-12) \| 3♠ \| Non-forcing
		3NT	GF (13-15) \| Balanced with stoppers
		4♣	SPLINTER \| 3♠ \| 0-1 ♣ \|
		4♥	To play
		4♠	GF (13-15) \| 3♠ \|
		4NT	Blackwood (♠)
	2NT		14+ \| 0-2♥ \| Natural, game forcing
		3♣	4+♣ \| any strength
		3♦	4+♦ \| any strength
		3♥	6+♥ \| any strength
		3♠	3-4 ♠ \| any strength
		3NT	No slam interest
		4♠	3♠ \| No slam interest
		4NT	Quantitative 4NT \| Natural, balanced. Invites 6NT.
	3♣		14+ \| 4+♣ \| Game forcing
		3♦	Usually natural
		3♥	6+♥ \| any strength
		3♠	3+♠ \| any strength
		3NT	♦ stopper \| Usually 11-12
		4♣	4+♣ \| No interest in 3NT (distributional or slam oriented)
		4♠	3 strong ♠\| no side suit controls
		4NT	Blackwood (♣)
		5♣	No slam interest
	3♦		14+ \| 4+♦ \| game forcing
		3♥	6+♥ \| any strength
		3♠	3+♠ \|
		3NT
		4♦	Distributional, no interest in 3NT.
		4♠	3+♠ \| No slam interest.
		4NT	Blackwood (♦)
		5♦
	3♥		3+♥ \|
		3♠	3+♠ \| Invites game in 4♥ or 4♠
		4♣	Control showing cuebid.
		4♦	Control showing cuebid.
		4♠	GF (13-15) \| 3+♠ \| No slam interest
		4NT	Blackwood (♥)
	3♠		14+ \| 6+ solid ♠ \| Sets ♠ as trump \| Slam interest
		4♣	Control showing cuebid
		4♦	Control showing cuebid
		4♥	Control showing cuebid
	3NT
	4♦		Invites 5♦ \| Distributional, no interest in 3NT
	4NT		Blackwood (♦)

2♠			WK (6-10) \| 3-4♠ \|
	2NT		Balanced. Invites game in 3NT or 4♠. Non forcing.
	3♣		16+ \| Game try bid.
		3♦	Counter-try. Strong ♦ holding and game interest.
		3♥	Counter-try. Strong ♥ holding and game interest.
		3♠	6-8 \| Rejecting invite.
		3NT	8-10 \| Balanced \| Strong ♦+♥ holdings \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
		4♣	8-10 \| 4+ good ♣ \| Accepting invite
		4♠	8-10 \| Accepting invite.
	3♦		16+ \| Game try bid.
		3♠	6-8 \| Rejecting invite.
		3NT	8-10 \| Balanced \| Strong ♣+♥ holdings \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
		4♦	8-10 \| 4+ good ♦ \| Accepting invite
		4♠	8-10 \| Accepting invite.
	3♥		16+ \| Game try bid.
		3♠	6-8 \| Rejecting invite.
		3NT	8-10 \| Balanced \| Strong ♣+♦ holdings \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
		4♥	8-10 \| 4+ good ♥ \| \| Choice of 4♥ or 4♠ \|
		4♠	8-10 \| Accepting invite.
	3♠		MID (16-18) \| Invites 4♠ \| Non forcing
		4♠	8-10 \| Accepting invite.
	3NT
	4♣		SPLINTER \| 17+ hcp \| 6+♠ \| 0-1 ♣ \|
	4♦		SPLINTER \| 17+ hcp \| 6+♠ \| 0-1 ♦ \|
	4♥		SPLINTER \| 17+ hcp \| 6+♠ \| 0-1 ♥ \|
	4♠		To play. Based on strength or distribution.
	4NT		Blackwood (♠)

2NT			JACOBY 2NT \| 13+ \| 4+♠ \| Artificial game force.
	3♣		0-1♣ \| any strength
		3♦	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
		3♥	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
		4♠	Minimum game force \| No slam interest
		4NT	Blackwood (♠)
	3♦		0-1♦ \| any strength
		3♥	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
		3♠	Asks partner to cuebid.
		4♣	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
		4♠	Minimum game force \| No slam interest
		4NT	Blackwood (♠)
	3♥		0-1♥ \| any strength
		3♠	Asks partner to cuebid.
		4♣	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
		4♦	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
		4♥	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
		4♠	Minimum game force \| No slam interest
		4NT	Blackwood (♠)
	3♠		18+ hcp \| No singleton or void
	3NT		15-17 hcp \| No singleton or void
	4♣		5+♣ \| 2 of top 3 honors \| any strength
	4♦		5+♦ \| 2 of top 3 honors \| any strength
	4♥		5+♥ \| 2 of top 3 honors \| any strength
	4♠		12-14 hcp \| No singleton or void
	4NT		Blackwood (♠)

3♣

17+ | Strong Jump Shift.

3♦

17+ | Strong Jump Shift.

3♥

17+ | Strong Jump Shift.

3♠		INV (11-12) \| 3+♠ (usually 4) \|
	4♣	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
	4♦	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
	4♥	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
	4♠	14+ \| No slam interest.
	4NT	Blackwood (♠)

4♣		SPLINTER \| 9-12 hcp \| 4+♠ \| 0-1 ♣ \|
	4♦	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
	4♥	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
	4♠	No slam interest.
	4NT	Blackwood (♠)

4♦		SPLINTER \| 9-12 hcp \| 4+♠ \| 0-1 ♦ \|
	4♥	Control showing cuebid. Later non-♠ suit bids
	4♠	No slam interest.
	4NT	Blackwood (♠)

4♥		SPLINTER \| 9-12 hcp \| 4+♠ \| 0-1 ♥ \|
	4♠	No slam interest.
	4NT	Blackwood (♠)

4♠

5+♠ | Usually less than 8 hcp | Singleton or void |

4NT

Blackwood

After bidding 1NT
	2♣					STAYMAN \| 8+ \| Asks for 4+ card major \|
		2♦				No 4+ card major \| Any strength
			2♥			8-9 \| 5♥ \| 4♠ \| Invites game in 3NT or 4♥ \| Non-forcing
			2♠			8-9 \| 5♠ \| 4♥ \| Invites game in 3NT or 4♠ \| Non-forcing
			2NT			8-9 \| Invites 3NT \| Non-forcing
			3♣			10+ \| 5+♣ \| May not have a 4 card major
			3♦			10+ \| 5+♦ \| May not have a 4 card major
			3♥			10-14 \| 5♥ \| 4♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
			3♠			10-14 \| 5♠ \| 4♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
			3NT			10-14 \|
		2♥				4-5 ♥ \| May have 4♠
			2NT			8-9 \| 0-3♥ \| 4♠ \| Non-forcing
				3♥		good 16-17 \| 5♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
					3NT	0-2♥ \|
					4♥	3♥ \|
				3♠		15 or bad 16 \| 4♠ \|
				3NT		good 16-17 \| 2-3♠ \|
				4♠		good 16-17 \| 4♠ \|
			3♣			10+ \| 5+♣ \| 0-3♥ \| May not have 4♠
			3♦			10+ \| 5+♦ \| 0-3♥ \| May not have 4♠
			3♥			8-9 \| 4-5♥ \|
				4♥		good 16-17 \| Accepting invite
			3♠			10+ \| 4+♥ \| Agrees ♥s \| Slam interest. Asks opener to cuebid
			3NT			10-14 \| 0-3♥ \| 4♠ \| Non-forcing
				4♠		4♠ \|
			4♥			10-14 \| 4-5♥ \|
		2♠				4-5 ♠ \| 2-3 ♥ \|
			2NT			8-9 \| 0-3♠ \| 4♥ \| Non-forcing
				3♠		good 16-17 \| 5♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
					3NT	0-2♠ \|
					4♠	3♠ \|
				3NT		good 16-17 \|
			3♣			10+ \| 5+♣ \| 0-3♥ \| May not have 4♥
			3♦			10+ \| 5+♦ \| 0-3♥ \| May not have 4♥
			3♥			10+ \| 4+♠ \| Agrees ♠s \| Slam interest. Asks opener to cuebid
			3♠			8-9 \| 4-5♠ \|
				4♠		good 16-17 \| Accepting invite
			3NT			10-14 \| 0-3♠ \| 4♥ \| Non-forcing

2♦				5+♥ \| Any strength
	2♥			2+♥ \|
		2♠		8-9 \| 5♠ \| 5♥ \| Non-forcing
		2NT		8-9 \| 5♥ \| Invites 3NT or 4♥
			3♥	15 or bad 16 \| 3+♥
			3NT	good 16-17 \| Usually 2♥ \|
			4♥	good 16-17 \| 3+♥
		3♣		10+ \| 5♥ \| 4+♣ \| Looking for best game, may have slam interest
		3♦		10+ \| 5♥ \| 4+♦ \| Looking for best game, may have slam interest
		3♥		8-9 \| 6+♥ \| Invites 4♥
			4♥	good 16-17
		3♠		SPLINTER \| 12+ hcp \| 6+♥ \| 0-1 ♠ \|
		3NT		10-14 \| 5♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
			4♥	3+♥
		4♣		SPLINTER \| 12+ hcp \| 6+♥ \| 0-1 ♣ \|
		4♦		SPLINTER \| 12+ hcp \| 6+♥ \| 0-1 ♦ \|
		4♥		6+♥ \| Mild slam interest
		4NT		Quantitative 4NT \| Natural, balanced invite to 6♥ or 6NT \| Non-forcing
			6♥	Accepting invite with ♥ fit
			6NT	Accepting invite, usually with 2♥
	3♥			good 16-17 \| 4+♥ \| Highly invitational (�super accept�)
		4♣		Control showing cuebid.
		4♦		Control showing cuebid.
		4♥		Control showing cuebid.
		4NT		Blackwood (♥)

2♥				5+♠ \| Any strength
	2♠			2+♠ \|
		2NT		8-9 \| 5♠ \| Invites 3NT or 4♠
			3♠	15 or bad 16 \| 3+♠
			3NT	good 16-17 \| Usually 2♠ \|
			4♠	good 16-17 \| 3+♠
		3♣		10+ \| 5♠ \| 4+♣ \| Looking for best game, may have slam interest
		3♦		10+ \| 5♠ \| 4+♦ \| Looking for best game, may have slam interest
		3♥		10+ \| 5♥ \| 5♠ \|
		3♠		8-9 \| 6+♠ \| Invites 4♠
			4♠	good 16-17
		3NT		10-14 \| 5♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
			4♠	3+♠
		4♣		SPLINTER \| 12+ hcp \| 6+♠ \| 0-1 ♣ \|
		4♦		SPLINTER \| 12+ hcp \| 6+♠ \| 0-1 ♦ \|
		4♥		SPLINTER \| 12+ hcp \| 6+♠ \| 0-1 ♥ \|
		4♠		6+♠ \| Mild slam try \| Non-forcing
		4NT		Quantitative 4NT \| Natural, balanced invite to 6♠ or 6NT \| Non-forcing
			6♠	Accepting invite with ♠ fit
			6NT	Accepting invite, usually with 2♠
	3♠			good 16-17 \| 4+♠ \| Highly invitational (�super accept�)
		4♣		Control showing cuebid.
		4♦		Control showing cuebid.
		4♥		Control showing cuebid.
		4NT		Blackwood (♠)

2♠			Transfer to 3♣ \| 0-7 \| 6+ card minor (♣ OR ♦)
	3♣		Responder will pass or correct to 3♦
		3♦	0-7 \| 6+♦ \| To play

2NT		8-9 \| No 4+ card major unless 4333
	3♥	good 16-17 \| 5♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
	3♠	good 16-17 \| 5♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
	3NT	good 16-17

	3♣									6+♣ \| 6-8 hcp \| Invites 3NT \| Good 6+ card suit without side suit strength \| Non-forcing
		3NT								Accepting invite. Usually based on a 3+ card ♣ holding.

	3♦									6+♦ \| 6-8 hcp \| Invites 3NT \| Good 6+ card suit without side suit strength \| Non-forcing
		3NT								Accepting invite. Usually based on a 3+ card ♦ holding.

3♥		6+ strong ♥ \| Slam interest \| Sets ♥ as trump, asks opener to cuebid
	3♠	Control showing cuebid.
	4♣	Control showing cuebid.
	4♦	Control showing cuebid.

3♠		6+ strong ♠ \| Slam interest \| Sets ♠ as trump, asks opener to cuebid
	4♣	Control showing cuebid.
	4♦	Control showing cuebid.
	4♥	Control showing cuebid.

3NT

10-14 | No 4+ card major unless 4333

4♣				GERBER \| Asks for aces
	4♦			0 aces
		4NT		To play.
		5♣		GERBER \| Asks for kings
			5♦	0 kings
			5♥	1 king
			5♠	2 kings
			5NT	083 kings
			6♣	4 kings
	4♥			1 ace
		4NT		To play
		5♣		GERBER \| Asks for kings
			5♦	0 kings
			5♥	1 king
			5♠	2 kings
			5NT	083 kings
			6♣	4 kings
	4♠			2 aces
		4NT		To play
		5♣		GERBER \| Asks for kings
			5♦	0 kings
			5♥	1 king
			5♠	2 kings
			5NT	083 kings
			6♣	4 kings
	4NT			083 aces

4♦			TEXAS \| 6+♥ \| game sign-off or slam going
	4♥		2+♥
		4NT	Blackwood (♥)

4♥			TEXAS \| 6+♠ \| game sign-off or slam going
	4♠		2+♠
		4NT	Blackwood (♠)

After bidding 2NT
	3♣		STAYMAN \| 5+ hcp \| At least one 4+ card major
		3♦	No 4+ card major
		3♥	4+♥ \| May have 4♠
		3♠	4+♠ \| No 4♥

3♦			5+♥ \| any strength
	3♥		2+♥
		3NT	5+ hcp \| Exactly 5♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
		4♥	6+♥ \| Mild slam interest \| Non-forcing

3♥			5+♠ \| any strength
	3♠		2+♠
		3NT	5+ hcp \| Exactly 5♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
		4♠	6+♠ \| Mild slam interest \| Non-forcing

3♠		MINOR SUIT STAYMAN \| At least 4-4 ♣+♦ \| Slam interest
	3NT	No 4+ card minor \| Non-forcing
	4♣	4♣ \| game forcing
	4♦	4♦ \| game forcing

3NT

5-10 hcp

4♣				GERBER \| Asks for aces
	4♦			0 aces
		4NT		To play.
		5♣		GERBER \| Asks for kings
			5♦	0 kings
			5♥	1 king
			5♠	2 kings
			5NT	083 kings
			6♣	4 kings
	4♥			1 ace
		4NT		To play
		5♣		GERBER \| Asks for kings
			5♦	0 kings
			5♥	1 king
			5♠	2 kings
			5NT	083 kings
			6♣	4 kings
	4♠			2 aces
		4NT		To play
		5♣		GERBER \| Asks for kings
			5♦	0 kings
			5♥	1 king
			5♠	2 kings
			5NT	083 kings
			6♣	4 kings
	4NT			083 aces

4♦			TEXAS \| 6+♥ \| Game sign-off or slam going
	4♥		2+♥
		4NT	Blackwood (♥)

4♥			TEXAS \| 6+♠ \| Game sign-off or slam going
	4♠		2+♠
		4NT	Blackwood (♠)

After bidding 2♦
	2♥

2♠

2NT

Feature Ask | Asks for side suit Ace or King

3♣

3♦

4♦

5♦

To play. Often preemptive.

After bidding 2♥
	2♠

2NT

Feature Ask | Asks for side suit Ace or King

3♣

3♦

3♥

4♥

To play. May be preemptive.

After bidding 2♠
	2NT									Feature Ask \| Asks for side suit Ace or King

3♣

3♦

3♥

3♠

4♠

To play. May be preemptive.

After bidding 2♣
	2♦				WAITING \| any strength
		2NT			22-24 hcp \| Balanced \| Systems on
			3♣		STAYMAN \| Asks for a 4+ card major
			3♦		TRANSFER to 3♥ \| 5+♥ \| any strength
			3♥		TRANSFER to 3♠ \| 6+♠ \| any strength
			3♠		MINOR SUIT STAYMAN \| At least 4-4 ♣+♦ \| Slam interest
				3NT	No 4+ card minor
				4♣	4♣ \| game forcing
				4♦	4♦ \| game forcing
			3NT		4+ hcp \| Balanced \| Usually no 4+ card major
			4♦		TEXAS transfer to 4♥ \| 6+♥ \| Game sign-off or slam going.
			4♥		TEXAS transfer to 4♠ \| 6+♠ \| Game sign-off or slam going.
		3NT			25-27 hcp \| Balanced \| Systems on
			4♣		STAYMAN \| Asks for a 4+ card major
			4♦		TRANSFER to 4♥ \| 5+♥ \| any strength
			4♥		TRANSFER to 4♠ \| 5+♠ \| any strength
			4♠		MINOR SUIT STAYMAN \| At least one 4+ card minor \| Slam interest

2♥

8+ hcp | 5+♥ | at least 2 of top 3 honors

2♠

8+ hcp | 5+♠ | at least 2 of top 3 honors

2NT

8+ hcp | Balanced | **Better to bid 2♦ waiting**

3♣

8+ hcp | 5+♣ | at least 2 of top 3 honors

3♦

8+ hcp | 5+♦ | at least 2 of top 3 honors

After bidding (1♣)
	D		Takeout \| 13+ (hcp + shortness) \| Short ♣, 3+ card support for ♦/♥/♠ \| (or any 17+)
		Pass	Penalty \| 5+ strong ♣s
		1♦	0-8 \| 4+♦ \| Usually no 4 card major
		1♥	0-8 \| 4+♥ (rarely 3)
		1♠	0-8 \| 4+♠ (rarely 3)
		1NT	7-10 hcp \| ♣ stopper \| Balanced, no 4 card major
		2♣	11+ \| Asks partner to pick a major \| Usually 4♥+4♠
		2♦	8-11 \| 4+♦
		2♥	8-11 \| 4+♥
		2♠	8-11 \| 4+♠
		2NT	11-13 hcp \| ♣ stopper \| Balanced, no 4 card major
		3♦	8-11
		3♥	8-11 \| Distributional game invite \| Non-forcing
		3♠	8-11 \| Distributional game invite \| Non-forcing
		3NT	13+ hcp \| ♣ stopper \| Balanced, no 4 card major
		4♥	To play
		4♠	To play

1♦

7-16 hcp | 5+♦

1♥

7-16 hcp | 5+♥

1♠

7-16 hcp | 5+♠

1NT						15-18 HCP \| Balanced \| ♣ stopper
	2♣					STAYMAN \| 8+ \| Asks for 4+ card major \|
		2♦				No 4+ card major \| Any strength
			2♥			8-9 \| 5♥ \| 4♠ \| Invites game in 3NT or 4♥ \| Non-forcing
			2♠			8-9 \| 5♠ \| 4♥ \| Invites game in 3NT or 4♠ \| Non-forcing
			2NT			8-9 \| Invites 3NT \| Non-forcing
			3♣			10+ \| 5+♣ \| May not have a 4 card major
			3♦			10+ \| 5+♦ \| May not have a 4 card major
			3♥			10-14 \| 5♥ \| 4♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
			3♠			10-14 \| 5♠ \| 4♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
			3NT			10-14 \|
		2♥				4-5 ♥ \| May have 4♠
			2NT			8-9 \| 0-3♥ \| 4♠ \| Non-forcing
				3♥		good 16-17 \| 5♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
					3NT	0-2♥ \|
					4♥	3♥ \|
				3♠		15 or bad 16 \| 4♠ \|
				3NT		good 16-17 \| 2-3♠ \|
				4♠		good 16-17 \| 4♠ \|
			3♣			10+ \| 5+♣ \| 0-3♥ \| May not have 4♠
			3♦			10+ \| 5+♦ \| 0-3♥ \| May not have 4♠
			3♥			8-9 \| 4-5♥ \|
				4♥		good 16-17 \| Accepting invite
			3♠			10+ \| 4+♥ \| Agrees ♥s \| Slam interest. Asks opener to cuebid
			3NT			10-14 \| 0-3♥ \| 4♠ \| Non-forcing
				4♠		4♠ \|
			4♥			10-14 \| 4-5♥ \|
		2♠				4-5 ♠ \| 2-3 ♥ \|
			2NT			8-9 \| 0-3♠ \| 4♥ \| Non-forcing
				3♠		good 16-17 \| 5♠ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♠
					3NT	0-2♠ \|
					4♠	3♠ \|
				3NT		good 16-17 \|
			3♣			10+ \| 5+♣ \| 0-3♥ \| May not have 4♥
			3♦			10+ \| 5+♦ \| 0-3♥ \| May not have 4♥
			3♥			10+ \| 4+♠ \| Agrees ♠s \| Slam interest. Asks opener to cuebid
			3♠			8-9 \| 4-5♠ \|
				4♠		good 16-17 \| Accepting invite
			3NT			10-14 \| 0-3♠ \| 4♥ \| Non-forcing
	2♦					5+♥ \| Any strength
		2♥				2+♥ \|
			2♠			8-9 \| 5♠ \| 5♥ \| Non-forcing
			2NT			8-9 \| 5♥ \| Invites 3NT or 4♥
				3♥		15 or bad 16 \| 3+♥
				3NT		good 16-17 \| Usually 2♥ \|
				4♥		good 16-17 \| 3+♥
			3♣			10+ \| 5♥ \| 4+♣ \| Looking for best game, may have slam interest
			3♦			10+ \| 5♥ \| 4+♦ \| Looking for best game, may have slam interest
			3♥			8-9 \| 6+♥ \| Invites 4♥
				4♥		good 16-17
			3♠			SPLINTER \| 12+ hcp \| 6+♥ \| 0-1 ♠ \|
			3NT			10-14 \| 5♥ \| Choice of 3NT or 4♥
				4♥		3+♥
			4♣			SPLINTER \| 12+ hcp \| 6+♥ \| 0-1 ♣ \|
			4♦			SPLINTER \| 12+ hcp \| 6+♥ \| 0-1 ♦ \|
			4♥			6+♥ \| Mild slam interest
			4NT			Quantitative 4NT \| Natural, balanced invite to 6♥ or 6NT \| Non-forcing
				6♥		Accepting invite with ♥ fit
				6NT		Accepting invite, usually with 2♥
		3♥				good 16-17 \| 4+♥ \| Highly invitational (�super accept�)
			4♣			Control showing cuebid.
			4♦			Control showing cuebid.
			4♥			Control showing cuebid.
			4NT			Blackwood (♥)
	2♥					5+♠ \| Any strength
		2♠				2+♠ \|
			2NT			8-9 \| 5♠ \| Invites 3NT or 4♠
				3♠		15 or bad 16 \| 3+♠
				3NT		good 16-17 \| Usually 2♠ \|
				4♠		good 16-17 \| 3+♠
			3♣			10+ \| 5♠ \| 4+♣ \| Looking for best game, may have slam interest
			3♦			10+ \| 5♠ \| 4+♦ \| Looking for best game, may have slam interest
			3♥